TY  - CONF
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag D.
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4845
AB  - For a given internal combustion (IC) engine stationary test plan, significant time savings during its realization could be achieved if the sequence of test points execution is adequately determined. The criterion for stabilizing the engine operating point is determined by the magnitude of the change in the most inert parameter, and in the general case, it is the temperature of the engine exhaust gases. A certain level of prior knowledge about the examined object is necessary to conduct such an analysis. If there are no results from previous tests, simulation models, or experiences, the Slow Dynamic Slope (SDS) tests are a great way to quickly gather the necessary information. The task of finding the optimal sequence for a stationary engine testing plan can be set as Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). This paper will present the application of one of the heuristic methods for solving the TSP on the example of testing the IC engine, which is a very complex dynamic system. Following this model, it is possible to optimize the stationary test plan for any other dynamic system. The basic idea is to find such a sequence of stationary operating points, during the realization of which a minor deviation of the engine exhaust gas temperature is obtained, resulting in the operating point's shortest stabilization time.
PB  - IOP Publishing
C3  - IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
T1  - Internal combustion engine test plan execution order optimization using Travelling Salesman Problem heuristics approach
SP  - 012005
VL  - 1271
DO  - 10.1088/1757-899X/1271/1/012005
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Mrđa, Predrag D. and Kitanović, Marko and Miljić, Nenad and Popović, Slobodan",
year = "2022",
abstract = "For a given internal combustion (IC) engine stationary test plan, significant time savings during its realization could be achieved if the sequence of test points execution is adequately determined. The criterion for stabilizing the engine operating point is determined by the magnitude of the change in the most inert parameter, and in the general case, it is the temperature of the engine exhaust gases. A certain level of prior knowledge about the examined object is necessary to conduct such an analysis. If there are no results from previous tests, simulation models, or experiences, the Slow Dynamic Slope (SDS) tests are a great way to quickly gather the necessary information. The task of finding the optimal sequence for a stationary engine testing plan can be set as Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). This paper will present the application of one of the heuristic methods for solving the TSP on the example of testing the IC engine, which is a very complex dynamic system. Following this model, it is possible to optimize the stationary test plan for any other dynamic system. The basic idea is to find such a sequence of stationary operating points, during the realization of which a minor deviation of the engine exhaust gas temperature is obtained, resulting in the operating point's shortest stabilization time.",
publisher = "IOP Publishing",
journal = "IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering",
title = "Internal combustion engine test plan execution order optimization using Travelling Salesman Problem heuristics approach",
pages = "012005",
volume = "1271",
doi = "10.1088/1757-899X/1271/1/012005"
}

Mrđa, P. D., Kitanović, M., Miljić, N.,& Popović, S.. (2022). Internal combustion engine test plan execution order optimization using Travelling Salesman Problem heuristics approach. in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
IOP Publishing., 1271, 012005.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1271/1/012005

Mrđa PD, Kitanović M, Miljić N, Popović S. Internal combustion engine test plan execution order optimization using Travelling Salesman Problem heuristics approach. in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2022;1271:012005.
doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1271/1/012005 .

Mrđa, Predrag D., Kitanović, Marko, Miljić, Nenad, Popović, Slobodan, "Internal combustion engine test plan execution order optimization using Travelling Salesman Problem heuristics approach" in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1271 (2022):012005,
https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1271/1/012005 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag D.
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4844
PB  - Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac
C3  - International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2022
T1  - Internal Combustion Engine Test Plan Execution Order Optimization Using Travelling Salesman Problem Heuristics Approach
EP  - 24
SP  - 23
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4844
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Mrđa, Predrag D. and Kitanović, Marko and Miljić, Nenad and Popović, Slobodan",
year = "2022",
publisher = "Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac",
journal = "International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2022",
title = "Internal Combustion Engine Test Plan Execution Order Optimization Using Travelling Salesman Problem Heuristics Approach",
pages = "24-23",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4844"
}

Mrđa, P. D., Kitanović, M., Miljić, N.,& Popović, S.. (2022). Internal Combustion Engine Test Plan Execution Order Optimization Using Travelling Salesman Problem Heuristics Approach. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2022
Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac., 23-24.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4844

Mrđa PD, Kitanović M, Miljić N, Popović S. Internal Combustion Engine Test Plan Execution Order Optimization Using Travelling Salesman Problem Heuristics Approach. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2022. 2022;:23-24.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4844 .

Mrđa, Predrag D., Kitanović, Marko, Miljić, Nenad, Popović, Slobodan, "Internal Combustion Engine Test Plan Execution Order Optimization Using Travelling Salesman Problem Heuristics Approach" in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2022 (2022):23-24,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4844 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag D.
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4843
PB  - Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac
C3  - International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2022
T1  - The Influence of NARX Control Parameters on the Fuel Efficiency Improvement of a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System
EP  - 30
SP  - 29
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4843
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kitanović, Marko and Mrđa, Predrag D. and Popović, Slobodan and Miljić, Nenad",
year = "2022",
publisher = "Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac",
journal = "International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2022",
title = "The Influence of NARX Control Parameters on the Fuel Efficiency Improvement of a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System",
pages = "30-29",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4843"
}

Kitanović, M., Mrđa, P. D., Popović, S.,& Miljić, N.. (2022). The Influence of NARX Control Parameters on the Fuel Efficiency Improvement of a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2022
Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac., 29-30.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4843

Kitanović M, Mrđa PD, Popović S, Miljić N. The Influence of NARX Control Parameters on the Fuel Efficiency Improvement of a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2022. 2022;:29-30.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4843 .

Kitanović, Marko, Mrđa, Predrag D., Popović, Slobodan, Miljić, Nenad, "The Influence of NARX Control Parameters on the Fuel Efficiency Improvement of a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System" in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2022 (2022):29-30,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4843 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag D.
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6748
AB  - Significant research efforts are invested in the quest for solutions that will increase the fuel economy and reduce the environmental impacts of ICE-powered vehicles. The main objective of the study presented in this paper has been to analyze and assess the performance of a control methodology for a parallel hydraulic hybrid powertrain system of a transit bus. A simulation model of the vehicle has been calibrated by analyzing data obtained during an experiment conducted in real-world traffic conditions aboard a Belgrade transit bus. A Dynamic Programming optimization procedure has been applied on the calibrated powertrain model and an optimal configuration that minimizes the fuel consumption has been selected. A Neural Network-based, implementable control algorithm has then been formed through a machine learning process involving data from the optimal, non-implementable Dynamic Programming-based control. Several Neural Network configurations have been tested to obtain the best fuel economy for the range of conditions encountered during normal transit bus operation. It has been shown that a considerable fuel consumption reduction on the order of 30% could be achieved by implementing such a system and calibration method.
PB  - University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering
T2  - Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics
T1  - A Neural Network-based Control Algorithm for a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System
EP  - 66
IS  - 1
SP  - 55
VL  - 48
DO  - 10.24874/mvm.2022.48.01.05
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kitanović, Marko and Popović, Slobodan and Miljić, Nenad and Mrđa, Predrag D.",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Significant research efforts are invested in the quest for solutions that will increase the fuel economy and reduce the environmental impacts of ICE-powered vehicles. The main objective of the study presented in this paper has been to analyze and assess the performance of a control methodology for a parallel hydraulic hybrid powertrain system of a transit bus. A simulation model of the vehicle has been calibrated by analyzing data obtained during an experiment conducted in real-world traffic conditions aboard a Belgrade transit bus. A Dynamic Programming optimization procedure has been applied on the calibrated powertrain model and an optimal configuration that minimizes the fuel consumption has been selected. A Neural Network-based, implementable control algorithm has then been formed through a machine learning process involving data from the optimal, non-implementable Dynamic Programming-based control. Several Neural Network configurations have been tested to obtain the best fuel economy for the range of conditions encountered during normal transit bus operation. It has been shown that a considerable fuel consumption reduction on the order of 30% could be achieved by implementing such a system and calibration method.",
publisher = "University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering",
journal = "Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics",
title = "A Neural Network-based Control Algorithm for a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System",
pages = "66-55",
number = "1",
volume = "48",
doi = "10.24874/mvm.2022.48.01.05"
}

Kitanović, M., Popović, S., Miljić, N.,& Mrđa, P. D.. (2022). A Neural Network-based Control Algorithm for a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System. in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics
University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering., 48(1), 55-66.
https://doi.org/10.24874/mvm.2022.48.01.05

Kitanović M, Popović S, Miljić N, Mrđa PD. A Neural Network-based Control Algorithm for a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System. in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics. 2022;48(1):55-66.
doi:10.24874/mvm.2022.48.01.05 .

Kitanović, Marko, Popović, Slobodan, Miljić, Nenad, Mrđa, Predrag D., "A Neural Network-based Control Algorithm for a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System" in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics, 48, no. 1 (2022):55-66,
https://doi.org/10.24874/mvm.2022.48.01.05 . .

TY  - THES
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://eteze.bg.ac.rs/application/showtheses?thesesId=8316
UR  - https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:24142/bdef:Content/download
UR  - http://vbs.rs/scripts/cobiss?command=DISPLAY&base=70036&RID=47814665
UR  - https://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/18616
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/84
AB  - Pogonski sistemi savremenih vozila predmet su istraživanja velikog broja naučnika širom sveta. Osnovni cilj istraživanja ogleda se u zadovoljavanju sve složenijih i oštrijih zakonskih odredbi u pogledu toksične izduvne emisije i smanjenja potrošnje goriva, uz zadržavanje povoljnih performansi vozila. Hibridni pogonski sistemi koji, pored motora sa unutrašnjim sagorevanjem, obuhvataju i dodatnu pogonsku mašinu i alternativni akumulator energije, nude velike mogućnosti u pogledu uštede goriva. Od presudne važnosti za ostvarivanje potencijalnih ušteda jesu optimizacija funkcionalnih i upravljačkih parametara sistema. Predmet ove disertacije jeste eksperimentalno i teorijsko istraživanje u oblasti optimizacije hidrauličnog hibridnog pogonskog sistema namenjenog pogonu vozila javnog gradskog prevoza putnika. Važna odlika takvih sistema ogleda se u upotrebi hidro-pneumatskih akumulatora koje karakterišu niske vrednosti specifične energije. Upravo zato, javlja se potreba da se pažljivim izborom parametara akumulatora omogući maksimalno prikupljanje energije kočenja u fazama voznog ciklusa kada će i rezultujuće uštede u potrošnji biti najveće. Formiranjem detaljnog simulacionog modela hidrauličnog hibridnog pogonskog sistema, izvršeno je određivanje uticaja mase elastomerne pene, pritiska prednaprezanja i radne zapremine hidro-pneumatskog akumulatora na stepen korisnosti pogonskog sistema u celini. Takođe, ispitana je mogućnost primene metoda zasnovanih na neuronskim mrežama u procesu izvođenja i primene optimalnog upravljačkog algoritma. Na osnovu snimljenih voznih ciklusa, formiran je optimalan algoritam upravljanja upotrebom referentne metode dinamičkog programiranja koji je potom upotrebljen kao ulazni skup podataka za treniranje veštačkih neuronskih mreža različitih konfiguracija. Primenom funkcionalne optimizacije i predložene metode upravljanja, postignuto je smanjenje potrošnje goriva od 23,9% u smeru kretanja 1 i 25,5% u smeru kretanja 2 i stepen optimalnosti upravljačkog algoritma od 83,7% i 79,8%, respektivno.
AB  - Great scientific and engineering effoorts are being invested in improving the fuel economy and emission performance standards of powertrain systems amid ever-increasing legislative pressure. Hybrid powertrain systems, comprising a conventional internal combustion engine and an additional prime mover and its corresponding energy storage system, offeffoer great opportunities for fuel economy improvements. However, functional and control parameters optimization is of crucial importance in order to achieve the full extent of potential improvements. The subject of this dissertation is experimental and theoretical investigation into the ficeld of optimization of a hydraulic hybrid powertrain system intended for the propulsion of a transit bus. TheTheese hybrid propulsion solutions employ hydro-pneumatic accumulators for energy storage, which are characterized by low specific energy values. Because of this, it is of crucial importance to carefully choose the accumulator parameters in order to harness the maximum amount of regenerative braking energy during the deceleration phases that will yield the greatest fuel economy improvement. A comprehensive simulation model of a hydraulic hybrid powertrain system has been devised, which has allowed for the determination of the influfluuence of elastomeric foam mass, preload pressure and accumulator capacity on the resulting powertrain system efficfficciency and the potential fuel savings. For maximizing the achievable fuel savings, a neural network-based control algorithm trained using the optimal control trajectories derived using Dynamic Programming has been investigated. By applying the functional and optimal control optimizations presented in this dissertation, average fuel savings of 23.9% have been achieved in direction 1 of the transit bus driving cycle and 25.5% in direction 2. TheTheese ficgures represent 83.7% and 79.8% of the fuel economy improvements obtained using the unimplementable Dynamic Programming algorithm, respectively.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu, Mašinski fakultet
T1  - Optimizacija funkcionalnih i upravljačkih parametara hibridnog pogonskog sistema vozila javnog gradskog prevoza
T1  - Functional and control parameters optimization for a transit bus hybrid povertrain system
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_18616
ER  - 

@phdthesis{
author = "Kitanović, Marko",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Pogonski sistemi savremenih vozila predmet su istraživanja velikog broja naučnika širom sveta. Osnovni cilj istraživanja ogleda se u zadovoljavanju sve složenijih i oštrijih zakonskih odredbi u pogledu toksične izduvne emisije i smanjenja potrošnje goriva, uz zadržavanje povoljnih performansi vozila. Hibridni pogonski sistemi koji, pored motora sa unutrašnjim sagorevanjem, obuhvataju i dodatnu pogonsku mašinu i alternativni akumulator energije, nude velike mogućnosti u pogledu uštede goriva. Od presudne važnosti za ostvarivanje potencijalnih ušteda jesu optimizacija funkcionalnih i upravljačkih parametara sistema. Predmet ove disertacije jeste eksperimentalno i teorijsko istraživanje u oblasti optimizacije hidrauličnog hibridnog pogonskog sistema namenjenog pogonu vozila javnog gradskog prevoza putnika. Važna odlika takvih sistema ogleda se u upotrebi hidro-pneumatskih akumulatora koje karakterišu niske vrednosti specifične energije. Upravo zato, javlja se potreba da se pažljivim izborom parametara akumulatora omogući maksimalno prikupljanje energije kočenja u fazama voznog ciklusa kada će i rezultujuće uštede u potrošnji biti najveće. Formiranjem detaljnog simulacionog modela hidrauličnog hibridnog pogonskog sistema, izvršeno je određivanje uticaja mase elastomerne pene, pritiska prednaprezanja i radne zapremine hidro-pneumatskog akumulatora na stepen korisnosti pogonskog sistema u celini. Takođe, ispitana je mogućnost primene metoda zasnovanih na neuronskim mrežama u procesu izvođenja i primene optimalnog upravljačkog algoritma. Na osnovu snimljenih voznih ciklusa, formiran je optimalan algoritam upravljanja upotrebom referentne metode dinamičkog programiranja koji je potom upotrebljen kao ulazni skup podataka za treniranje veštačkih neuronskih mreža različitih konfiguracija. Primenom funkcionalne optimizacije i predložene metode upravljanja, postignuto je smanjenje potrošnje goriva od 23,9% u smeru kretanja 1 i 25,5% u smeru kretanja 2 i stepen optimalnosti upravljačkog algoritma od 83,7% i 79,8%, respektivno., Great scientific and engineering effoorts are being invested in improving the fuel economy and emission performance standards of powertrain systems amid ever-increasing legislative pressure. Hybrid powertrain systems, comprising a conventional internal combustion engine and an additional prime mover and its corresponding energy storage system, offeffoer great opportunities for fuel economy improvements. However, functional and control parameters optimization is of crucial importance in order to achieve the full extent of potential improvements. The subject of this dissertation is experimental and theoretical investigation into the ficeld of optimization of a hydraulic hybrid powertrain system intended for the propulsion of a transit bus. TheTheese hybrid propulsion solutions employ hydro-pneumatic accumulators for energy storage, which are characterized by low specific energy values. Because of this, it is of crucial importance to carefully choose the accumulator parameters in order to harness the maximum amount of regenerative braking energy during the deceleration phases that will yield the greatest fuel economy improvement. A comprehensive simulation model of a hydraulic hybrid powertrain system has been devised, which has allowed for the determination of the influfluuence of elastomeric foam mass, preload pressure and accumulator capacity on the resulting powertrain system efficfficciency and the potential fuel savings. For maximizing the achievable fuel savings, a neural network-based control algorithm trained using the optimal control trajectories derived using Dynamic Programming has been investigated. By applying the functional and optimal control optimizations presented in this dissertation, average fuel savings of 23.9% have been achieved in direction 1 of the transit bus driving cycle and 25.5% in direction 2. TheTheese ficgures represent 83.7% and 79.8% of the fuel economy improvements obtained using the unimplementable Dynamic Programming algorithm, respectively.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu, Mašinski fakultet",
title = "Optimizacija funkcionalnih i upravljačkih parametara hibridnog pogonskog sistema vozila javnog gradskog prevoza, Functional and control parameters optimization for a transit bus hybrid povertrain system",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_18616"
}

Kitanović, M.. (2021). Optimizacija funkcionalnih i upravljačkih parametara hibridnog pogonskog sistema vozila javnog gradskog prevoza. 
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Mašinski fakultet..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_18616

Kitanović M. Optimizacija funkcionalnih i upravljačkih parametara hibridnog pogonskog sistema vozila javnog gradskog prevoza. 2021;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_18616 .

Kitanović, Marko, "Optimizacija funkcionalnih i upravljačkih parametara hibridnog pogonskog sistema vozila javnog gradskog prevoza" (2021),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_18616 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag D.
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6747
AB  - Requirements regarding high fuel efficiency, low pollutants and CO2 emission impact of the internal combustion (IC) engine results in high control calibration complexity. Modern IC engines are equipped with numerous electronically controlled subsystems, whose usage leads to almost exponential growth of stationary operating points that need to be evaluated and optimised. In that perspective, the methodology for fast pre-knowledge acquisition of examined system is presented through the application of Slow Dynamic Slope experiments – SDS. Continual slow change of a control parameter excites the system, in such a way, that allow obtaining of an approximately stationary operating regime, without the time-consuming operating point settling period. By analysing stationary-based approximation results of Slow Dynamic Slope experiments, conducted within the IC engine global operation domain (engine speed and load), certain zones could be identified. Within those zones, increased number of stationary tests is desirable in order to provide a more precise approximative model of observed engine output parameters. In this way, relatively fast dynamic SDS experiments could be used to optimise the stationary-based test plan leading to overall time savings dedicated to IC engine testing.
PB  - University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering
T2  - Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics
T1  - Stationary Test Plan Optimisation using Slow Dynamic Slope Engine Screening
EP  - 34
IS  - 3
SP  - 23
VL  - 47
DO  - 10.24874/mvm.2021.47.03.03
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Mrđa, Predrag D. and Miljić, Nenad and Popović, Slobodan and Kitanović, Marko",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Requirements regarding high fuel efficiency, low pollutants and CO2 emission impact of the internal combustion (IC) engine results in high control calibration complexity. Modern IC engines are equipped with numerous electronically controlled subsystems, whose usage leads to almost exponential growth of stationary operating points that need to be evaluated and optimised. In that perspective, the methodology for fast pre-knowledge acquisition of examined system is presented through the application of Slow Dynamic Slope experiments – SDS. Continual slow change of a control parameter excites the system, in such a way, that allow obtaining of an approximately stationary operating regime, without the time-consuming operating point settling period. By analysing stationary-based approximation results of Slow Dynamic Slope experiments, conducted within the IC engine global operation domain (engine speed and load), certain zones could be identified. Within those zones, increased number of stationary tests is desirable in order to provide a more precise approximative model of observed engine output parameters. In this way, relatively fast dynamic SDS experiments could be used to optimise the stationary-based test plan leading to overall time savings dedicated to IC engine testing.",
publisher = "University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering",
journal = "Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics",
title = "Stationary Test Plan Optimisation using Slow Dynamic Slope Engine Screening",
pages = "34-23",
number = "3",
volume = "47",
doi = "10.24874/mvm.2021.47.03.03"
}

Mrđa, P. D., Miljić, N., Popović, S.,& Kitanović, M.. (2021). Stationary Test Plan Optimisation using Slow Dynamic Slope Engine Screening. in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics
University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering., 47(3), 23-34.
https://doi.org/10.24874/mvm.2021.47.03.03

Mrđa PD, Miljić N, Popović S, Kitanović M. Stationary Test Plan Optimisation using Slow Dynamic Slope Engine Screening. in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics. 2021;47(3):23-34.
doi:10.24874/mvm.2021.47.03.03 .

Mrđa, Predrag D., Miljić, Nenad, Popović, Slobodan, Kitanović, Marko, "Stationary Test Plan Optimisation using Slow Dynamic Slope Engine Screening" in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics, 47, no. 3 (2021):23-34,
https://doi.org/10.24874/mvm.2021.47.03.03 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag D.
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4838
AB  - Requirements regarding high fuel efficiency, low pollutants and CO2 emission impact of the internal combustion (IC) engine results in high control calibration complexity. Modern IC engines are equipped with numerous electronically controlled subsystems, whose usage leads to almost exponential growth of stationary operating points that need to be evaluated and optimised. In that perspective, the methodology for fast pre-knowledge acquisition of examined system is presented through the application of Slow Dynamic Slope experiments – SDS. Continual slow change of a control parameter excites the system, in such a way, that allow obtaining of an approximately stationary operating regime, without the time-consuming operating point settling period. By analysing stationary-based approximation results of Slow Dynamic Slope experiments, conducted within the IC engine global operation domain (engine speed and load), certain zones could be identified. Within those zones, increased number of stationary tests is desirable in order to provide a more precise approximative model of observed engine output parameters. In this way, relatively fast dynamic SDS experiments could be used to optimise the stationary-based test plan leading to overall time savings dedicated to IC engine testing.
PB  - Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac
C3  - International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2020
T1  - Stationary Test Plan Optimisation Using Slow Dynamic Slope Engine Screening
EP  - 84
SP  - 77
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4838
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Mrđa, Predrag D. and Miljić, Nenad and Popović, Slobodan and Kitanović, Marko",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Requirements regarding high fuel efficiency, low pollutants and CO2 emission impact of the internal combustion (IC) engine results in high control calibration complexity. Modern IC engines are equipped with numerous electronically controlled subsystems, whose usage leads to almost exponential growth of stationary operating points that need to be evaluated and optimised. In that perspective, the methodology for fast pre-knowledge acquisition of examined system is presented through the application of Slow Dynamic Slope experiments – SDS. Continual slow change of a control parameter excites the system, in such a way, that allow obtaining of an approximately stationary operating regime, without the time-consuming operating point settling period. By analysing stationary-based approximation results of Slow Dynamic Slope experiments, conducted within the IC engine global operation domain (engine speed and load), certain zones could be identified. Within those zones, increased number of stationary tests is desirable in order to provide a more precise approximative model of observed engine output parameters. In this way, relatively fast dynamic SDS experiments could be used to optimise the stationary-based test plan leading to overall time savings dedicated to IC engine testing.",
publisher = "Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac",
journal = "International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2020",
title = "Stationary Test Plan Optimisation Using Slow Dynamic Slope Engine Screening",
pages = "84-77",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4838"
}

Mrđa, P. D., Miljić, N., Popović, S.,& Kitanović, M.. (2020). Stationary Test Plan Optimisation Using Slow Dynamic Slope Engine Screening. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2020
Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac., 77-84.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4838

Mrđa PD, Miljić N, Popović S, Kitanović M. Stationary Test Plan Optimisation Using Slow Dynamic Slope Engine Screening. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2020. 2020;:77-84.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4838 .

Mrđa, Predrag D., Miljić, Nenad, Popović, Slobodan, Kitanović, Marko, "Stationary Test Plan Optimisation Using Slow Dynamic Slope Engine Screening" in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2020 (2020):77-84,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4838 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag D.
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4839
AB  - Significant research efforts are invested in the quest for solutions that will increase the fuel economy and reduce the environmental impacts of ICE-powered vehicles. The main objective of the study presented in this paper has been to analyze and assess the performance of a control methodology for a parallel hydraulic hybrid powertrain system of a transit bus. A simulation model of the vehicle has been calibrated by analyzing data obtained during an experiment conducted in real-world traffic conditions aboard a Belgrade transit bus. A Dynamic Programming optimization procedure has been applied on the calibrated powertrain model and an optimal configuration that minimizes the fuel consumption has been selected. A Neural Network-based, implementable control algorithm has then been formed through a machine learning process involving data from the optimal, nonimplementable Dynamic Programming-based control. Several Neural Network configurations have been tested to obtain the best fuel economy for the range of conditions encountered during normal transit bus operation. It has been shown that a considerable fuel consumption reduction on the order of 30% could be achieved by implementing such a system and calibration method.
PB  - Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac
C3  - International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2020
T1  - A Neural Network-Based Control Algorithm for a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System
EP  - 93
SP  - 85
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4839
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kitanović, Marko and Popović, Slobodan and Miljić, Nenad and Mrđa, Predrag D.",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Significant research efforts are invested in the quest for solutions that will increase the fuel economy and reduce the environmental impacts of ICE-powered vehicles. The main objective of the study presented in this paper has been to analyze and assess the performance of a control methodology for a parallel hydraulic hybrid powertrain system of a transit bus. A simulation model of the vehicle has been calibrated by analyzing data obtained during an experiment conducted in real-world traffic conditions aboard a Belgrade transit bus. A Dynamic Programming optimization procedure has been applied on the calibrated powertrain model and an optimal configuration that minimizes the fuel consumption has been selected. A Neural Network-based, implementable control algorithm has then been formed through a machine learning process involving data from the optimal, nonimplementable Dynamic Programming-based control. Several Neural Network configurations have been tested to obtain the best fuel economy for the range of conditions encountered during normal transit bus operation. It has been shown that a considerable fuel consumption reduction on the order of 30% could be achieved by implementing such a system and calibration method.",
publisher = "Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac",
journal = "International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2020",
title = "A Neural Network-Based Control Algorithm for a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System",
pages = "93-85",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4839"
}

Kitanović, M., Popović, S., Miljić, N.,& Mrđa, P. D.. (2020). A Neural Network-Based Control Algorithm for a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2020
Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac., 85-93.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4839

Kitanović M, Popović S, Miljić N, Mrđa PD. A Neural Network-Based Control Algorithm for a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2020. 2020;:85-93.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4839 .

Kitanović, Marko, Popović, Slobodan, Miljić, Nenad, Mrđa, Predrag D., "A Neural Network-Based Control Algorithm for a Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain System" in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2020 (2020):85-93,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4839 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3328
AB  - Engine control optimization, with its always growing complexity, is in permanent focus of engine researchers and developers all over the world. Automotive engines are dominantly used in dynamic conditions, but generally, steady-state operating points are used for building up mathematical models which are later subject to the numerical optimization. For this purpose, a large amount of steady-state regimes needs to be evaluated through experimental work at the engine test stand, which is an extremely time and funds consuming process. Consequently, the methodology for data gathering during engine dynamic excitation could lead to significant savings at the expense of acceptable data accuracy loss. The slow dynamic slope method starting from a stationary operating point was evaluated by several authors in the past. In this paper, slow dynamic slope method with exclusively transient excitation will be presented drawing attention to some of its advantages and drawbacks. The rate of change of engine load as a main control parameter during dynamic test is of great importance for the quality of the final data and for total test duration. In this regard, several tests of different duration were applied for fixed engine speed values to cover engine speed-load usage domain. An approximation of stationary testing results obtained in this way could be used for evaluation of the map gradients and thus as a guideline for additional stationary tests based on design of experiment method.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd
T2  - Thermal Science
T1  - Continuous slow dynamic slope approach for stationary base internal combustion engine mapping
EP  - 158
IS  - 1
SP  - 147
VL  - 24
DO  - 10.2298/TSCI190308171M
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Mrđa, Predrag and Miljić, Nenad and Popović, Slobodan and Kitanović, Marko",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Engine control optimization, with its always growing complexity, is in permanent focus of engine researchers and developers all over the world. Automotive engines are dominantly used in dynamic conditions, but generally, steady-state operating points are used for building up mathematical models which are later subject to the numerical optimization. For this purpose, a large amount of steady-state regimes needs to be evaluated through experimental work at the engine test stand, which is an extremely time and funds consuming process. Consequently, the methodology for data gathering during engine dynamic excitation could lead to significant savings at the expense of acceptable data accuracy loss. The slow dynamic slope method starting from a stationary operating point was evaluated by several authors in the past. In this paper, slow dynamic slope method with exclusively transient excitation will be presented drawing attention to some of its advantages and drawbacks. The rate of change of engine load as a main control parameter during dynamic test is of great importance for the quality of the final data and for total test duration. In this regard, several tests of different duration were applied for fixed engine speed values to cover engine speed-load usage domain. An approximation of stationary testing results obtained in this way could be used for evaluation of the map gradients and thus as a guideline for additional stationary tests based on design of experiment method.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd",
journal = "Thermal Science",
title = "Continuous slow dynamic slope approach for stationary base internal combustion engine mapping",
pages = "158-147",
number = "1",
volume = "24",
doi = "10.2298/TSCI190308171M"
}

Mrđa, P., Miljić, N., Popović, S.,& Kitanović, M.. (2020). Continuous slow dynamic slope approach for stationary base internal combustion engine mapping. in Thermal Science
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd., 24(1), 147-158.
https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI190308171M

Mrđa P, Miljić N, Popović S, Kitanović M. Continuous slow dynamic slope approach for stationary base internal combustion engine mapping. in Thermal Science. 2020;24(1):147-158.
doi:10.2298/TSCI190308171M .

Mrđa, Predrag, Miljić, Nenad, Popović, Slobodan, Kitanović, Marko, "Continuous slow dynamic slope approach for stationary base internal combustion engine mapping" in Thermal Science, 24, no. 1 (2020):147-158,
https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI190308171M . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3301
AB  - A dynamic programming optimization algorithm has been applied on a transit bus model in MATLAB in order to assess the fuel economy improvement potential by implementing a hydraulic hybrid powertrain system. The numerical model parameters have been calibrated using experimental data obtained on a Belgrade's public transport bus. This experiment also provided the representative driving cycle on which to conduct simulation analyses. Various functional parameters of a hydraulic hybrid system have been evaluated for obtaining the best possible fuel economy. Dynamic programming optimization runs have been completed for various hydraulic accumulator sizes, preload values and accumulator foam quantities. It has been shown that a fuel economy improvement of 28% can be achieved by implementing such a system.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd
T2  - Thermal Science
T1  - Numerical analyses of a hydraulic hybrid powertrain system for a transit bus
EP  - 170
IS  - 1
SP  - 159
VL  - 24
DO  - 10.2298/TSCI190308172K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kitanović, Marko and Popović, Slobodan and Miljić, Nenad and Mrđa, Predrag",
year = "2020",
abstract = "A dynamic programming optimization algorithm has been applied on a transit bus model in MATLAB in order to assess the fuel economy improvement potential by implementing a hydraulic hybrid powertrain system. The numerical model parameters have been calibrated using experimental data obtained on a Belgrade's public transport bus. This experiment also provided the representative driving cycle on which to conduct simulation analyses. Various functional parameters of a hydraulic hybrid system have been evaluated for obtaining the best possible fuel economy. Dynamic programming optimization runs have been completed for various hydraulic accumulator sizes, preload values and accumulator foam quantities. It has been shown that a fuel economy improvement of 28% can be achieved by implementing such a system.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd",
journal = "Thermal Science",
title = "Numerical analyses of a hydraulic hybrid powertrain system for a transit bus",
pages = "170-159",
number = "1",
volume = "24",
doi = "10.2298/TSCI190308172K"
}

Kitanović, M., Popović, S., Miljić, N.,& Mrđa, P.. (2020). Numerical analyses of a hydraulic hybrid powertrain system for a transit bus. in Thermal Science
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd., 24(1), 159-170.
https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI190308172K

Kitanović M, Popović S, Miljić N, Mrđa P. Numerical analyses of a hydraulic hybrid powertrain system for a transit bus. in Thermal Science. 2020;24(1):159-170.
doi:10.2298/TSCI190308172K .

Kitanović, Marko, Popović, Slobodan, Miljić, Nenad, Mrđa, Predrag, "Numerical analyses of a hydraulic hybrid powertrain system for a transit bus" in Thermal Science, 24, no. 1 (2020):159-170,
https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI190308172K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
PY  - 2018
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2847
AB  - This paper presents an unconventional approach in a fast estimation of the overall engine inertia based on engine testing under transient condition (acceleration and deceleration) with simultaneous in cylinder working process analysis and friction losses estimation. The presented procedure is based on a single slow dynamic slope full load engine speed sweep test which, coupled with a simple lumped-mass engine dynamometer model, provides correct overall engine inertia estimation. Compared with the more conventional approaches in deriving information on engine inertia, besides its speed and accuracy, presented procedure provides more in depth information on both engine's dynamic response and friction as a surplus.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd
T2  - Thermal Science
T1  - A method for quick estimation of engine moment of inertia based on an experimental analysis of transient working process
EP  - 1225
IS  - 3
SP  - 1215
VL  - 22
DO  - 10.2298/TSCI170915224M
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Mrđa, Predrag and Miljić, Nenad and Popović, Slobodan and Kitanović, Marko",
year = "2018",
abstract = "This paper presents an unconventional approach in a fast estimation of the overall engine inertia based on engine testing under transient condition (acceleration and deceleration) with simultaneous in cylinder working process analysis and friction losses estimation. The presented procedure is based on a single slow dynamic slope full load engine speed sweep test which, coupled with a simple lumped-mass engine dynamometer model, provides correct overall engine inertia estimation. Compared with the more conventional approaches in deriving information on engine inertia, besides its speed and accuracy, presented procedure provides more in depth information on both engine's dynamic response and friction as a surplus.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd",
journal = "Thermal Science",
title = "A method for quick estimation of engine moment of inertia based on an experimental analysis of transient working process",
pages = "1225-1215",
number = "3",
volume = "22",
doi = "10.2298/TSCI170915224M"
}

Mrđa, P., Miljić, N., Popović, S.,& Kitanović, M.. (2018). A method for quick estimation of engine moment of inertia based on an experimental analysis of transient working process. in Thermal Science
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd., 22(3), 1215-1225.
https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI170915224M

Mrđa P, Miljić N, Popović S, Kitanović M. A method for quick estimation of engine moment of inertia based on an experimental analysis of transient working process. in Thermal Science. 2018;22(3):1215-1225.
doi:10.2298/TSCI170915224M .

Mrđa, Predrag, Miljić, Nenad, Popović, Slobodan, Kitanović, Marko, "A method for quick estimation of engine moment of inertia based on an experimental analysis of transient working process" in Thermal Science, 22, no. 3 (2018):1215-1225,
https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI170915224M . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
PY  - 2018
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2802
AB  - Enlarged engine control complexity made the full-factorial steady-state testing approach extremely time consuming and hardly applicable under actual industry demands. Slow dynamic slope (SDS) method is one of many approaches with a potential for considerable testing time savings, with its own benefits and drawbacks. This paper puts in focus SDS approach and evaluates its applicability, potentials and accuracy for fast estimation of engine steady-state maps. The presented research is based on an extensive experiment conducted on a small passenger car compresion ignition engine. Being the method that uses quasi-stationary sweeping of the engine, SDS test cycle durations in the range from 120-600 seconds are used in order to test the method and draw conclusions on its applicability. It is shown that well shaped SDS testing cycle can provide a rather good estimate of the steady-state operating points very quickly, with a negligible or very small loss of accuracy. The analysis is conducted both on fast responding variables and those that are heavily influenced by process inertia. This led to some suggestions on how to form a criterion for the SDS gathered data quality evaluation and SDS testing cycle correction.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd
T2  - Thermal Science
T1  - Slow dynamic slope method in internal combustion engine benchmarking
EP  - 1283
IS  - 3
SP  - 1271
VL  - 22
DO  - 10.2298/TSCI170921226M
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Miljić, Nenad and Popović, Slobodan and Mrđa, Predrag and Kitanović, Marko",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Enlarged engine control complexity made the full-factorial steady-state testing approach extremely time consuming and hardly applicable under actual industry demands. Slow dynamic slope (SDS) method is one of many approaches with a potential for considerable testing time savings, with its own benefits and drawbacks. This paper puts in focus SDS approach and evaluates its applicability, potentials and accuracy for fast estimation of engine steady-state maps. The presented research is based on an extensive experiment conducted on a small passenger car compresion ignition engine. Being the method that uses quasi-stationary sweeping of the engine, SDS test cycle durations in the range from 120-600 seconds are used in order to test the method and draw conclusions on its applicability. It is shown that well shaped SDS testing cycle can provide a rather good estimate of the steady-state operating points very quickly, with a negligible or very small loss of accuracy. The analysis is conducted both on fast responding variables and those that are heavily influenced by process inertia. This led to some suggestions on how to form a criterion for the SDS gathered data quality evaluation and SDS testing cycle correction.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd",
journal = "Thermal Science",
title = "Slow dynamic slope method in internal combustion engine benchmarking",
pages = "1283-1271",
number = "3",
volume = "22",
doi = "10.2298/TSCI170921226M"
}

Miljić, N., Popović, S., Mrđa, P.,& Kitanović, M.. (2018). Slow dynamic slope method in internal combustion engine benchmarking. in Thermal Science
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd., 22(3), 1271-1283.
https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI170921226M

Miljić N, Popović S, Mrđa P, Kitanović M. Slow dynamic slope method in internal combustion engine benchmarking. in Thermal Science. 2018;22(3):1271-1283.
doi:10.2298/TSCI170921226M .

Miljić, Nenad, Popović, Slobodan, Mrđa, Predrag, Kitanović, Marko, "Slow dynamic slope method in internal combustion engine benchmarking" in Thermal Science, 22, no. 3 (2018):1271-1283,
https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI170921226M . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag D.
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4836
AB  - Great research efforts are invested in the quest for solutions that will increase the fuel economy of ICE-powered vehicles. The main objective of the study presented in this paper has been to analyze the ultimate fuel economy improvement potential of a transit bus by implementing a hybrid electric powertrain system utilizing an ultracapacitors-based accumulator. A simulation model of the vehicle has been calibrated by analyzing data obtained during an experiment conducted in real-world traffic conditions on a Belgrade transit bus. Apart from serving as the input for the powertrain parameters identification procedures, the acquired data also served as the basis for defining the driving cycle that will be used in numerical simulation studies. A Dynamic Programming optimization procedure has been applied on the hybrid powertrain system model in order to assess the ultimate fuel economy improvement potential. The optimization procedure has been executed for various hybrid powertrain parameters and component sizes, allowing the optimal choice of design decisions, in particular the energy accumulator size. Initial study shows that considerable fuel consumption reduction in excess of 30% can be achieved.
PB  - University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Niš
C3  - 18th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia
T1  - Dynamic Programming Study of a Hybrid Electric Powertrain System for a Transit Bus
EP  - 997
SP  - 988
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4836
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kitanović, Marko and Popović, Slobodan and Miljić, Nenad and Mrđa, Predrag D.",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Great research efforts are invested in the quest for solutions that will increase the fuel economy of ICE-powered vehicles. The main objective of the study presented in this paper has been to analyze the ultimate fuel economy improvement potential of a transit bus by implementing a hybrid electric powertrain system utilizing an ultracapacitors-based accumulator. A simulation model of the vehicle has been calibrated by analyzing data obtained during an experiment conducted in real-world traffic conditions on a Belgrade transit bus. Apart from serving as the input for the powertrain parameters identification procedures, the acquired data also served as the basis for defining the driving cycle that will be used in numerical simulation studies. A Dynamic Programming optimization procedure has been applied on the hybrid powertrain system model in order to assess the ultimate fuel economy improvement potential. The optimization procedure has been executed for various hybrid powertrain parameters and component sizes, allowing the optimal choice of design decisions, in particular the energy accumulator size. Initial study shows that considerable fuel consumption reduction in excess of 30% can be achieved.",
publisher = "University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Niš",
journal = "18th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia",
title = "Dynamic Programming Study of a Hybrid Electric Powertrain System for a Transit Bus",
pages = "997-988",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4836"
}

Kitanović, M., Popović, S., Miljić, N.,& Mrđa, P. D.. (2017). Dynamic Programming Study of a Hybrid Electric Powertrain System for a Transit Bus. in 18th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia
University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Niš., 988-997.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4836

Kitanović M, Popović S, Miljić N, Mrđa PD. Dynamic Programming Study of a Hybrid Electric Powertrain System for a Transit Bus. in 18th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia. 2017;:988-997.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4836 .

Kitanović, Marko, Popović, Slobodan, Miljić, Nenad, Mrđa, Predrag D., "Dynamic Programming Study of a Hybrid Electric Powertrain System for a Transit Bus" in 18th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia (2017):988-997,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4836 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag D.
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4835
AB  - The main topic of this paper is presentation of methodology for process identification and mathematical modeling of a nonlinear dynamic system, such as an IC engine, based on the experimental data acquired during base engine calibration in terms of ignition timing. With the introduction of certain assumption, mathematical model generated in this way could be used for verification of potentially optimal look-up tables and for look-up tables smoothing. For this type of time-series modeling, nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs will be used and full-factorial sweep of limited set of neural network parameters will be analyzed. Guidelines for mathematical model formation, verification and idea of stationary-based engine calibration will be briefly outlined. Comparison between measured and modeled engine torque will be shown alongside with instructions for further research on this topic.
PB  - University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Niš
C3  - 18th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia
T1  - Ignition Timing Map Calibration Based on Nonlinear Dynamic System Identification Using NARX Neural Network
EP  - 693
SP  - 685
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4835
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Mrđa, Predrag D. and Miljić, Nenad and Popović, Slobodan and Kitanović, Marko",
year = "2017",
abstract = "The main topic of this paper is presentation of methodology for process identification and mathematical modeling of a nonlinear dynamic system, such as an IC engine, based on the experimental data acquired during base engine calibration in terms of ignition timing. With the introduction of certain assumption, mathematical model generated in this way could be used for verification of potentially optimal look-up tables and for look-up tables smoothing. For this type of time-series modeling, nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs will be used and full-factorial sweep of limited set of neural network parameters will be analyzed. Guidelines for mathematical model formation, verification and idea of stationary-based engine calibration will be briefly outlined. Comparison between measured and modeled engine torque will be shown alongside with instructions for further research on this topic.",
publisher = "University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Niš",
journal = "18th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia",
title = "Ignition Timing Map Calibration Based on Nonlinear Dynamic System Identification Using NARX Neural Network",
pages = "693-685",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4835"
}

Mrđa, P. D., Miljić, N., Popović, S.,& Kitanović, M.. (2017). Ignition Timing Map Calibration Based on Nonlinear Dynamic System Identification Using NARX Neural Network. in 18th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia
University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Niš., 685-693.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4835

Mrđa PD, Miljić N, Popović S, Kitanović M. Ignition Timing Map Calibration Based on Nonlinear Dynamic System Identification Using NARX Neural Network. in 18th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia. 2017;:685-693.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4835 .

Mrđa, Predrag D., Miljić, Nenad, Popović, Slobodan, Kitanović, Marko, "Ignition Timing Map Calibration Based on Nonlinear Dynamic System Identification Using NARX Neural Network" in 18th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia (2017):685-693,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4835 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2658
AB  - Sprovedena je simulacija radnog procesa motora SUS koji koristi sintezni gas kao gorivo u simulacionom okruženju AVL BOOST. Cilj simulacije je sticanje uvida u očekivane radne parametre motora. Studija takođe daje uvid u toplotni bilans motora koji omogućava dimenzionisanje uređaja za rekuperaciju otpadnih toplota u kogenerativnom pogonu. Jedan turbopunjeni, 6-cilindarski gasni motor čini osnovu nad kojom je sprovedena numerička studija. Za modelovanje procesa oslobađanja toplote korišćen je Vibeov model sa korelacionim parametrima koji uzimaju u obzir uticaj sastava smeše i ugla pretpaljenja na ukupno trajanje sagorevanja i oblik diferencijalnog toka oslobađanja toplote. U radu je data i jednostavna metodologija za utvrđivanje potrebne radne zapremine motora za dati protok sinteznog gasa. Dobijene vrednosti srednjeg efektivnog pritiska kao i stepena korisnosti motora su značajno manje u poređenju sa motorima koji koriste prirodni gas, ali upotreba sinteznog gasa može predstavljati zanimljivu alternativu, naročito u slučaju korišćenja kogenerativnog postrojenja.
AB  - A syngas-fueled engine work cycle simulation has been conducted in the AVL BOOST environment in order to gain some insights into the expected engine performance and efficiency parameters. The study also provides the energy balance that will dictate the design of engine coolant and exhaust gas heat recuperation systems. A turbocharged six-cylinder gas engine serves as the basis on which the numerical studies have been conducted. A Vibe-based heat release model, customized to take into account the effect of excess-air ratio and ignition timing variations on the combustion duration and MFB curve shape is used to predict the heat release rate. A simple methodology for determining the total engine displacement for a given fuel production rate is also presented. The resulting brake mean effective pressure and efficiency parameters are lower than on a comparable natural gas-fueled engine but syngas is still an interesting alternative, particularly for cogeneration units.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Mašinski fakultet, Beograd
T2  - FME Transactions
T1  - Simulacija radnog procesa motora pogonjenog sinteznim gasom
T1  - A thermodynamic work cycle simulation of a syngas-fueled engine
EP  - 577
IS  - 4
SP  - 572
VL  - 45
DO  - 10.5937/fmet1704572K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kitanović, Marko and Mrđa, Predrag and Popović, Slobodan and Miljić, Nenad",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Sprovedena je simulacija radnog procesa motora SUS koji koristi sintezni gas kao gorivo u simulacionom okruženju AVL BOOST. Cilj simulacije je sticanje uvida u očekivane radne parametre motora. Studija takođe daje uvid u toplotni bilans motora koji omogućava dimenzionisanje uređaja za rekuperaciju otpadnih toplota u kogenerativnom pogonu. Jedan turbopunjeni, 6-cilindarski gasni motor čini osnovu nad kojom je sprovedena numerička studija. Za modelovanje procesa oslobađanja toplote korišćen je Vibeov model sa korelacionim parametrima koji uzimaju u obzir uticaj sastava smeše i ugla pretpaljenja na ukupno trajanje sagorevanja i oblik diferencijalnog toka oslobađanja toplote. U radu je data i jednostavna metodologija za utvrđivanje potrebne radne zapremine motora za dati protok sinteznog gasa. Dobijene vrednosti srednjeg efektivnog pritiska kao i stepena korisnosti motora su značajno manje u poređenju sa motorima koji koriste prirodni gas, ali upotreba sinteznog gasa može predstavljati zanimljivu alternativu, naročito u slučaju korišćenja kogenerativnog postrojenja., A syngas-fueled engine work cycle simulation has been conducted in the AVL BOOST environment in order to gain some insights into the expected engine performance and efficiency parameters. The study also provides the energy balance that will dictate the design of engine coolant and exhaust gas heat recuperation systems. A turbocharged six-cylinder gas engine serves as the basis on which the numerical studies have been conducted. A Vibe-based heat release model, customized to take into account the effect of excess-air ratio and ignition timing variations on the combustion duration and MFB curve shape is used to predict the heat release rate. A simple methodology for determining the total engine displacement for a given fuel production rate is also presented. The resulting brake mean effective pressure and efficiency parameters are lower than on a comparable natural gas-fueled engine but syngas is still an interesting alternative, particularly for cogeneration units.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Mašinski fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "FME Transactions",
title = "Simulacija radnog procesa motora pogonjenog sinteznim gasom, A thermodynamic work cycle simulation of a syngas-fueled engine",
pages = "577-572",
number = "4",
volume = "45",
doi = "10.5937/fmet1704572K"
}

Kitanović, M., Mrđa, P., Popović, S.,& Miljić, N.. (2017). Simulacija radnog procesa motora pogonjenog sinteznim gasom. in FME Transactions
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Mašinski fakultet, Beograd., 45(4), 572-577.
https://doi.org/10.5937/fmet1704572K

Kitanović M, Mrđa P, Popović S, Miljić N. Simulacija radnog procesa motora pogonjenog sinteznim gasom. in FME Transactions. 2017;45(4):572-577.
doi:10.5937/fmet1704572K .

Kitanović, Marko, Mrđa, Predrag, Popović, Slobodan, Miljić, Nenad, "Simulacija radnog procesa motora pogonjenog sinteznim gasom" in FME Transactions, 45, no. 4 (2017):572-577,
https://doi.org/10.5937/fmet1704572K . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Petrović, Vladimir
AU  - Đinić, Stefan
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4778
AB  - State of the art engine test bed system is a highly complex and demanding testing environment. Built as a tool for providing a versatile test environment for modern IC engines, this system requires automation system capable to establish real-time data and commands exchange between test bed various components. The establishing of engine test bed automation system is particularly challenging in combining software and hardware components from different manufacturers. This paper presents methods and solutions used in establishing such automation system in the ICED Lab at the FME, University of Belgrade by integrating control system of AC asynchronous machine, digital acquisition and measurement system and AVL Cameo software within the NI Labview environment.
PB  - University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
C3  - 17th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia
T1  - Software and Hardware Challenges of Engine Test Bed Automation – Example of FME ICED Lab
EP  - 1065
SP  - 1062
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4778
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Petrović, Vladimir and Đinić, Stefan and Kitanović, Marko and Miljić, Nenad and Popović, Slobodan",
year = "2015",
abstract = "State of the art engine test bed system is a highly complex and demanding testing environment. Built as a tool for providing a versatile test environment for modern IC engines, this system requires automation system capable to establish real-time data and commands exchange between test bed various components. The establishing of engine test bed automation system is particularly challenging in combining software and hardware components from different manufacturers. This paper presents methods and solutions used in establishing such automation system in the ICED Lab at the FME, University of Belgrade by integrating control system of AC asynchronous machine, digital acquisition and measurement system and AVL Cameo software within the NI Labview environment.",
publisher = "University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering",
journal = "17th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia",
title = "Software and Hardware Challenges of Engine Test Bed Automation – Example of FME ICED Lab",
pages = "1065-1062",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4778"
}

Petrović, V., Đinić, S., Kitanović, M., Miljić, N.,& Popović, S.. (2015). Software and Hardware Challenges of Engine Test Bed Automation – Example of FME ICED Lab. in 17th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia
University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering., 1062-1065.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4778

Petrović V, Đinić S, Kitanović M, Miljić N, Popović S. Software and Hardware Challenges of Engine Test Bed Automation – Example of FME ICED Lab. in 17th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia. 2015;:1062-1065.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4778 .

Petrović, Vladimir, Đinić, Stefan, Kitanović, Marko, Miljić, Nenad, Popović, Slobodan, "Software and Hardware Challenges of Engine Test Bed Automation – Example of FME ICED Lab" in 17th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia (2015):1062-1065,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4778 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4770
AB  - Engine speed signal contains valuable and rich content information about the engine working process. Measurement of the engine speed is usually carried out by sensor wheels mounted on the crankshaft. Measurement errors are mostly influenced by geometric tolerances of the engine speed sensor wheel as well as by its radial run-out. In order to avoid the occurrence of this systemic deviation, in the lab and highest accuracy engine speed measurements are usually conducted by means of incremental encoders, radially and axially fixed to the crankshaft with the anti-twist safeguard toward the crankcase. This paper shows how this type of engine speed measurement, which is considered to be the most accurate, is prone to systematic errors as well. The influence of the kinematic parameters of the encoder - crankcase linkage, on the error occurrence is discussed as well as suggested methods for systematic deviation parameters identification and engine crankshaft angular speed error compensation.
PB  - University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering
T2  - Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics
T1  - Engine Crankshaft Speed Measurement Error Compensation
EP  - 51
IS  - 3
SP  - 41
VL  - 41
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4770
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Miljić, Nenad and Popović, Slobodan and Kitanović, Marko",
year = "2015",
abstract = "Engine speed signal contains valuable and rich content information about the engine working process. Measurement of the engine speed is usually carried out by sensor wheels mounted on the crankshaft. Measurement errors are mostly influenced by geometric tolerances of the engine speed sensor wheel as well as by its radial run-out. In order to avoid the occurrence of this systemic deviation, in the lab and highest accuracy engine speed measurements are usually conducted by means of incremental encoders, radially and axially fixed to the crankshaft with the anti-twist safeguard toward the crankcase. This paper shows how this type of engine speed measurement, which is considered to be the most accurate, is prone to systematic errors as well. The influence of the kinematic parameters of the encoder - crankcase linkage, on the error occurrence is discussed as well as suggested methods for systematic deviation parameters identification and engine crankshaft angular speed error compensation.",
publisher = "University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering",
journal = "Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics",
title = "Engine Crankshaft Speed Measurement Error Compensation",
pages = "51-41",
number = "3",
volume = "41",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4770"
}

Miljić, N., Popović, S.,& Kitanović, M.. (2015). Engine Crankshaft Speed Measurement Error Compensation. in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics
University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering., 41(3), 41-51.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4770

Miljić N, Popović S, Kitanović M. Engine Crankshaft Speed Measurement Error Compensation. in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics. 2015;41(3):41-51.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4770 .

Miljić, Nenad, Popović, Slobodan, Kitanović, Marko, "Engine Crankshaft Speed Measurement Error Compensation" in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics, 41, no. 3 (2015):41-51,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4770 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4768
AB  - Most frequently used approach to describe, model and analyse engine effective performance and mechanical losses is largely based on global, time/angle averaged empirical friction models. Importance of detailed, systematic approach to simulation of motor car and its real-world behaviour in terms of combustion efficiency and overall fuel consumption is greater than ever. Therefore, commonly employed empirical or semiempirical approaches seem insufficient in terms of precision and capabilities for global optimisation of power train system which poses a need to invest more attention into comprehensive angle-resolved, analytical models. Such models have been already presented elsewhere, mainly based on fundamental friction theory of Stribeck, however, simplifications in both slider mechanism dynamic and combustion simulation influenced insufficient accuracy and reliability. In this paper, detailed Stribeck’s theory based analytical approach has been employed to model friction in contact of piston ring assembly to cylinder (PRAC) and piston skirt to cylinder (PSC), as well. Gas pressure trace was measured and used to predict instantaneous indicated and effective torque based on engine 1DoF dynamic model and friction models presented in paper.
PB  - University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering
T2  - Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics
T1  - Effective Approach to Analytical, Angle Resolved Simulation of Piston–Cylinder Friction in IC Engines
EP  - 51
IS  - 2
SP  - 35
VL  - 41
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4768
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popović, Slobodan and Miljić, Nenad and Kitanović, Marko",
year = "2015",
abstract = "Most frequently used approach to describe, model and analyse engine effective performance and mechanical losses is largely based on global, time/angle averaged empirical friction models. Importance of detailed, systematic approach to simulation of motor car and its real-world behaviour in terms of combustion efficiency and overall fuel consumption is greater than ever. Therefore, commonly employed empirical or semiempirical approaches seem insufficient in terms of precision and capabilities for global optimisation of power train system which poses a need to invest more attention into comprehensive angle-resolved, analytical models. Such models have been already presented elsewhere, mainly based on fundamental friction theory of Stribeck, however, simplifications in both slider mechanism dynamic and combustion simulation influenced insufficient accuracy and reliability. In this paper, detailed Stribeck’s theory based analytical approach has been employed to model friction in contact of piston ring assembly to cylinder (PRAC) and piston skirt to cylinder (PSC), as well. Gas pressure trace was measured and used to predict instantaneous indicated and effective torque based on engine 1DoF dynamic model and friction models presented in paper.",
publisher = "University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering",
journal = "Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics",
title = "Effective Approach to Analytical, Angle Resolved Simulation of Piston–Cylinder Friction in IC Engines",
pages = "51-35",
number = "2",
volume = "41",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4768"
}

Popović, S., Miljić, N.,& Kitanović, M.. (2015). Effective Approach to Analytical, Angle Resolved Simulation of Piston–Cylinder Friction in IC Engines. in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics
University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering., 41(2), 35-51.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4768

Popović S, Miljić N, Kitanović M. Effective Approach to Analytical, Angle Resolved Simulation of Piston–Cylinder Friction in IC Engines. in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics. 2015;41(2):35-51.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4768 .

Popović, Slobodan, Miljić, Nenad, Kitanović, Marko, "Effective Approach to Analytical, Angle Resolved Simulation of Piston–Cylinder Friction in IC Engines" in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics, 41, no. 2 (2015):35-51,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4768 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag D.
AU  - Petrović, Vladimir
AU  - Đinić, Stefan
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4772
AB  - After several years of research and development of Formula Student’s air mass flow restricted racing engine at the Internal Combustion Engines Department of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade, the design process of a new intake manifold for the 2014 competition season was set off. Through several seasons, the intake manifolds of the YAMAHA YZF-R6 high performance engine evolved from a dual volume, into a single volume concept and finally to the continuously variable intake manifold (CVIM) design. Comparative analysis of data obtained during in-laboratory engine testing and data logged from ECU during the races gave some guidelines in the design of CVIM. The main goal of this research is increasing the number of engine operating points with resonant supercharging. The Ricardo WAVE engine mathematical model is improved and particular attention is dedicated to the approximation of the adopted CVIM concept using Helmholtz Resonance Theory. This paper describes the correlation between optimal intake runner length and manifold volume over engine speed at wide open throttle as well as their influence on volumetric efficiency and engine effective parameters.
PB  - University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering
T2  - Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics
T1  - Development Of Continuously Variable Intake Manifold For Formula Student Racing Engine
EP  - 38
IS  - 3
SP  - 21
VL  - 41
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4772
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Mrđa, Predrag D. and Petrović, Vladimir and Đinić, Stefan and Kitanović, Marko",
year = "2015",
abstract = "After several years of research and development of Formula Student’s air mass flow restricted racing engine at the Internal Combustion Engines Department of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade, the design process of a new intake manifold for the 2014 competition season was set off. Through several seasons, the intake manifolds of the YAMAHA YZF-R6 high performance engine evolved from a dual volume, into a single volume concept and finally to the continuously variable intake manifold (CVIM) design. Comparative analysis of data obtained during in-laboratory engine testing and data logged from ECU during the races gave some guidelines in the design of CVIM. The main goal of this research is increasing the number of engine operating points with resonant supercharging. The Ricardo WAVE engine mathematical model is improved and particular attention is dedicated to the approximation of the adopted CVIM concept using Helmholtz Resonance Theory. This paper describes the correlation between optimal intake runner length and manifold volume over engine speed at wide open throttle as well as their influence on volumetric efficiency and engine effective parameters.",
publisher = "University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering",
journal = "Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics",
title = "Development Of Continuously Variable Intake Manifold For Formula Student Racing Engine",
pages = "38-21",
number = "3",
volume = "41",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4772"
}

Mrđa, P. D., Petrović, V., Đinić, S.,& Kitanović, M.. (2015). Development Of Continuously Variable Intake Manifold For Formula Student Racing Engine. in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics
University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering., 41(3), 21-38.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4772

Mrđa PD, Petrović V, Đinić S, Kitanović M. Development Of Continuously Variable Intake Manifold For Formula Student Racing Engine. in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics. 2015;41(3):21-38.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4772 .

Mrđa, Predrag D., Petrović, Vladimir, Đinić, Stefan, Kitanović, Marko, "Development Of Continuously Variable Intake Manifold For Formula Student Racing Engine" in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics, 41, no. 3 (2015):21-38,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4772 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Tomić, Miroljub V.
AU  - Jovanović, Zoran
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4780
AB  - This paper considers the analysis of energetic and environmental aspects of electric drive vehicles application in Serbia. The analysis implies real conditions of road transport and electricity production in our country and evaluates the estimation of energy consumption and CO2 emission (Well-to-Wheel), under the assumption of hypothetical transition from classic internal combustion (IC) engine to pure electric drive of vehicles. For this purpose the real estimations of IC engines efficiency under the road conditions of operation and the global efficiency of electric drive system (electricity production, transmission network, battery and electric motor) were necessary. The results show that in the case of present reality of electricity production from coal (lignite), CO2 emission would be even higher. However, under the assumption of significantly more efficient electricity production (for example using combine cycle of gas turbine – CCGT), CO2 emission would be decreased. In this paper some experimental data of city bus fuel consumption and efficiency measurements are also presented.
PB  - University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
C3  - 17th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia
T1  - Energetic and Ecological Aspects of the Application of Electric Drive Vehicles in Serbia
EP  - 956
SP  - 948
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4780
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Tomić, Miroljub V. and Jovanović, Zoran and Kitanović, Marko",
year = "2015",
abstract = "This paper considers the analysis of energetic and environmental aspects of electric drive vehicles application in Serbia. The analysis implies real conditions of road transport and electricity production in our country and evaluates the estimation of energy consumption and CO2 emission (Well-to-Wheel), under the assumption of hypothetical transition from classic internal combustion (IC) engine to pure electric drive of vehicles. For this purpose the real estimations of IC engines efficiency under the road conditions of operation and the global efficiency of electric drive system (electricity production, transmission network, battery and electric motor) were necessary. The results show that in the case of present reality of electricity production from coal (lignite), CO2 emission would be even higher. However, under the assumption of significantly more efficient electricity production (for example using combine cycle of gas turbine – CCGT), CO2 emission would be decreased. In this paper some experimental data of city bus fuel consumption and efficiency measurements are also presented.",
publisher = "University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering",
journal = "17th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia",
title = "Energetic and Ecological Aspects of the Application of Electric Drive Vehicles in Serbia",
pages = "956-948",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4780"
}

Tomić, M. V., Jovanović, Z.,& Kitanović, M.. (2015). Energetic and Ecological Aspects of the Application of Electric Drive Vehicles in Serbia. in 17th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia
University of Niš, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering., 948-956.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4780

Tomić MV, Jovanović Z, Kitanović M. Energetic and Ecological Aspects of the Application of Electric Drive Vehicles in Serbia. in 17th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia. 2015;:948-956.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4780 .

Tomić, Miroljub V., Jovanović, Zoran, Kitanović, Marko, "Energetic and Ecological Aspects of the Application of Electric Drive Vehicles in Serbia" in 17th Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering of Serbia (2015):948-956,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4780 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4747
AB  - Engine speed signal contains valuable and rich content information about the engine working process. Measurement of the engine speed is usually carried out by sensor wheels mounted on the crankshaft. Measurement errors are mostly influenced by geometric tolerances of the engine speed sensor wheel as well as by its radial run-out. In order to avoid the occurrence of this systemic deviation, in the lab and highest accuracy engine speed measurements are usually conducted by means of incremental encoders, radially and axially fixed to the crankshaft with the anti-twist safeguard toward the crankcase. This paper shows how this type of engine speed measurement, which is considered to be the most accurate, is prone to systematic errors as well. The influence of the kinematic parameters of the encoder - crankcase linkage, on the error occurrence is discussed as well as suggested methods for systematic deviation parameters identification and engine crankshaft angular speed error compensation.
PB  - Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac
C3  - International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014
T1  - Engine Crankshaft Speed Measurement Error Compensation
EP  - 371
SP  - 363
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4747
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Miljić, Nenad and Popović, Slobodan and Kitanović, Marko",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Engine speed signal contains valuable and rich content information about the engine working process. Measurement of the engine speed is usually carried out by sensor wheels mounted on the crankshaft. Measurement errors are mostly influenced by geometric tolerances of the engine speed sensor wheel as well as by its radial run-out. In order to avoid the occurrence of this systemic deviation, in the lab and highest accuracy engine speed measurements are usually conducted by means of incremental encoders, radially and axially fixed to the crankshaft with the anti-twist safeguard toward the crankcase. This paper shows how this type of engine speed measurement, which is considered to be the most accurate, is prone to systematic errors as well. The influence of the kinematic parameters of the encoder - crankcase linkage, on the error occurrence is discussed as well as suggested methods for systematic deviation parameters identification and engine crankshaft angular speed error compensation.",
publisher = "Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac",
journal = "International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014",
title = "Engine Crankshaft Speed Measurement Error Compensation",
pages = "371-363",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4747"
}

Miljić, N., Popović, S.,& Kitanović, M.. (2014). Engine Crankshaft Speed Measurement Error Compensation. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014
Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac., 363-371.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4747

Miljić N, Popović S, Kitanović M. Engine Crankshaft Speed Measurement Error Compensation. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014. 2014;:363-371.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4747 .

Miljić, Nenad, Popović, Slobodan, Kitanović, Marko, "Engine Crankshaft Speed Measurement Error Compensation" in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014 (2014):363-371,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4747 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag D.
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4755
AB  - Due to Internal Combustion Engines’ (ICE) significant share in global energy demand, primarily through the transportation sector, great efforts are invested in research for solutions that will increase the fuel economy of ICE-powered vehicles. The main objective of the study presented in this paper has been to perform a comparative study of a conventional and a parallel hybrid electric transit bus employing an ultracapacitors-based energy accumulator. A high-fidelity simulation model of the vehicle has been designed in the AMESim multi-domain system analysis software. The conventional powertrain model has been calibrated using data obtained during an acquisition experiment conducted in realworld traffic conditions on a transit bus. This data also served as the basis for defining the driving cycle on which the numerical analyses will be conducted. A simple, sub-optimal control law has been implemented in the hybrid powertrain simulation model. Also, an advanced energy management law based on Dynamic Programming has been derived to assess the ultimate fuel economy improvement potential of the hybrid solution and to make design decisions. Initial study shows that considerable fuel consumption reduction in excess of 30% could be achieved by implementing a regenerative hybrid system employing an ultracapacitor-based accumulator.
PB  - University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering
T2  - Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics
T1  - Fuel Economy Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Ultracapacitors-Based, Parallel Hybrid Electric Powertrains for a Transit Bus
EP  - 84
IS  - 3
SP  - 71
VL  - 40
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4755
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kitanović, Marko and Mrđa, Predrag D. and Popović, Slobodan and Miljić, Nenad",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Due to Internal Combustion Engines’ (ICE) significant share in global energy demand, primarily through the transportation sector, great efforts are invested in research for solutions that will increase the fuel economy of ICE-powered vehicles. The main objective of the study presented in this paper has been to perform a comparative study of a conventional and a parallel hybrid electric transit bus employing an ultracapacitors-based energy accumulator. A high-fidelity simulation model of the vehicle has been designed in the AMESim multi-domain system analysis software. The conventional powertrain model has been calibrated using data obtained during an acquisition experiment conducted in realworld traffic conditions on a transit bus. This data also served as the basis for defining the driving cycle on which the numerical analyses will be conducted. A simple, sub-optimal control law has been implemented in the hybrid powertrain simulation model. Also, an advanced energy management law based on Dynamic Programming has been derived to assess the ultimate fuel economy improvement potential of the hybrid solution and to make design decisions. Initial study shows that considerable fuel consumption reduction in excess of 30% could be achieved by implementing a regenerative hybrid system employing an ultracapacitor-based accumulator.",
publisher = "University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering",
journal = "Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics",
title = "Fuel Economy Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Ultracapacitors-Based, Parallel Hybrid Electric Powertrains for a Transit Bus",
pages = "84-71",
number = "3",
volume = "40",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4755"
}

Kitanović, M., Mrđa, P. D., Popović, S.,& Miljić, N.. (2014). Fuel Economy Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Ultracapacitors-Based, Parallel Hybrid Electric Powertrains for a Transit Bus. in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics
University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering., 40(3), 71-84.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4755

Kitanović M, Mrđa PD, Popović S, Miljić N. Fuel Economy Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Ultracapacitors-Based, Parallel Hybrid Electric Powertrains for a Transit Bus. in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics. 2014;40(3):71-84.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4755 .

Kitanović, Marko, Mrđa, Predrag D., Popović, Slobodan, Miljić, Nenad, "Fuel Economy Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Ultracapacitors-Based, Parallel Hybrid Electric Powertrains for a Transit Bus" in Mobility & Vehicle Mechanics, 40, no. 3 (2014):71-84,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4755 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Marjanović, Vladimir
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4745
AB  - The main objective of the study presented in this paper was to perform a comparison of a conventional power train system (CPS) with a diesel engine and a series hybrid electric power train system (SHEPS) and analyse the feasibility of the implementation of hybrid power train in taxi service. Development software package AMESim was used to create detailed mathematical models of a passenger car powered by conventional high-tech Common-Rail supercharged CI engine and a SHE power train system based on the same type of CI engine. The vehicle used to perform the comparative numerical study was set as a C-segment passenger car which is intended to be applied as taxi service vehicle. Simulation of both vehicle power train systems has been accomplished on the basis of New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), the custom, purposely extended NEDC for battery configuration and charging system evaluation and real driving cycles, which were obtained experimentally. Simulation models were applied in order to conduct parametric analysis and investigate battery charging strategy and its influence on performance, fuel economy and emission of the SHEPS compared to CPS. The reduction of 20 - 60% of total fuel consumption was observed in case of SHEPS. Accordingly, total exhaust gas emissions are reduced as well.
PB  - Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac
C3  - International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014
T1  - A Comparative Study on Performance of Conventional and Series Hybrid Power Train for Passenger Car in Taxi Service
EP  - 362
SP  - 352
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4745
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Marjanović, Vladimir and Kitanović, Marko and Popović, Slobodan and Miljić, Nenad",
year = "2014",
abstract = "The main objective of the study presented in this paper was to perform a comparison of a conventional power train system (CPS) with a diesel engine and a series hybrid electric power train system (SHEPS) and analyse the feasibility of the implementation of hybrid power train in taxi service. Development software package AMESim was used to create detailed mathematical models of a passenger car powered by conventional high-tech Common-Rail supercharged CI engine and a SHE power train system based on the same type of CI engine. The vehicle used to perform the comparative numerical study was set as a C-segment passenger car which is intended to be applied as taxi service vehicle. Simulation of both vehicle power train systems has been accomplished on the basis of New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), the custom, purposely extended NEDC for battery configuration and charging system evaluation and real driving cycles, which were obtained experimentally. Simulation models were applied in order to conduct parametric analysis and investigate battery charging strategy and its influence on performance, fuel economy and emission of the SHEPS compared to CPS. The reduction of 20 - 60% of total fuel consumption was observed in case of SHEPS. Accordingly, total exhaust gas emissions are reduced as well.",
publisher = "Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac",
journal = "International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014",
title = "A Comparative Study on Performance of Conventional and Series Hybrid Power Train for Passenger Car in Taxi Service",
pages = "362-352",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4745"
}

Marjanović, V., Kitanović, M., Popović, S.,& Miljić, N.. (2014). A Comparative Study on Performance of Conventional and Series Hybrid Power Train for Passenger Car in Taxi Service. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014
Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac., 352-362.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4745

Marjanović V, Kitanović M, Popović S, Miljić N. A Comparative Study on Performance of Conventional and Series Hybrid Power Train for Passenger Car in Taxi Service. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014. 2014;:352-362.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4745 .

Marjanović, Vladimir, Kitanović, Marko, Popović, Slobodan, Miljić, Nenad, "A Comparative Study on Performance of Conventional and Series Hybrid Power Train for Passenger Car in Taxi Service" in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014 (2014):352-362,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4745 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4744
AB  - Most frequently used approach to describe, model and analyse engine effective performance and mechanical losses is largely based on global, time/angle averaged empirical friction models. Importance of detailed, systematic approach to simulation of motor car and its real-world behaviour in terms of combustion efficiency and overall fuel consumption is greater than ever. Therefore, commonly employed empirical or semiempirical approaches seem insufficient in terms of precision and capabilities for global optimisation of power train system which poses a need to invest more attention into comprehensive angle-resolved, analytical models. Such models have been already presented elsewhere, mainly based on fundamental friction theory of Stribeck, however, simplifications in both slider mechanism dynamic and combustion simulation influenced insufficient accuracy and reliability. In this paper, detailed Stribeck’s theory based analytical approach has been employed to model friction in contact of piston ring assembly to cylinder (PRAC) and piston skirt to cylinder (PSC), as well. Gas pressure trace was measured and used to predict instantaneous indicated and effective torque based on engine 1DoF dynamic model and friction models presented in paper.
PB  - Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac
C3  - International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014
T1  - Effective Approach to Analytical, Angle Resolved Simulation of Piston-Cylinder Friction in IC Engines
EP  - 351
SP  - 340
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4744
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Popović, Slobodan and Miljić, Nenad and Kitanović, Marko",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Most frequently used approach to describe, model and analyse engine effective performance and mechanical losses is largely based on global, time/angle averaged empirical friction models. Importance of detailed, systematic approach to simulation of motor car and its real-world behaviour in terms of combustion efficiency and overall fuel consumption is greater than ever. Therefore, commonly employed empirical or semiempirical approaches seem insufficient in terms of precision and capabilities for global optimisation of power train system which poses a need to invest more attention into comprehensive angle-resolved, analytical models. Such models have been already presented elsewhere, mainly based on fundamental friction theory of Stribeck, however, simplifications in both slider mechanism dynamic and combustion simulation influenced insufficient accuracy and reliability. In this paper, detailed Stribeck’s theory based analytical approach has been employed to model friction in contact of piston ring assembly to cylinder (PRAC) and piston skirt to cylinder (PSC), as well. Gas pressure trace was measured and used to predict instantaneous indicated and effective torque based on engine 1DoF dynamic model and friction models presented in paper.",
publisher = "Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac",
journal = "International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014",
title = "Effective Approach to Analytical, Angle Resolved Simulation of Piston-Cylinder Friction in IC Engines",
pages = "351-340",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4744"
}

Popović, S., Miljić, N.,& Kitanović, M.. (2014). Effective Approach to Analytical, Angle Resolved Simulation of Piston-Cylinder Friction in IC Engines. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014
Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac., 340-351.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4744

Popović S, Miljić N, Kitanović M. Effective Approach to Analytical, Angle Resolved Simulation of Piston-Cylinder Friction in IC Engines. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014. 2014;:340-351.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4744 .

Popović, Slobodan, Miljić, Nenad, Kitanović, Marko, "Effective Approach to Analytical, Angle Resolved Simulation of Piston-Cylinder Friction in IC Engines" in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014 (2014):340-351,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4744 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kitanović, Marko
AU  - Mrđa, Predrag D.
AU  - Popović, Slobodan
AU  - Miljić, Nenad
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4737
AB  - Due to Internal Combustion Engines’ (ICE) significant share in global energy demand, primarily through the transportation sector, great efforts are invested in research for solutions that will increase the fuel economy of ICE-powered vehicles. The main objective of the study presented in this paper has been to perform a comparative study of a conventional and a parallel hybrid electric transit bus employing an ultracapacitors-based energy accumulator. A high-fidelity simulation model of the vehicle has been designed in the AMESim multi-domain system analysis software. The conventional powertrain model has been calibrated using data obtained during an acquisition experiment conducted in real-world traffic conditions on a transit bus. This data also served as the basis for defining the driving cycle on which the numerical analyses will be conducted. A simple, sub-optimal control law has been implemented in the hybrid powertrain simulation model. Also, an advanced energy management law based on Dynamic Programming has been derived to assess the ultimate fuel economy improvement potential of the hybrid solution and to make design decisions. Initial study shows that considerable fuel consumption reduction in excess of 30% could be achieved by implementing a regenerative hybrid system employing an ultracapacitorbased accumulator.
PB  - Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac
C3  - International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014
T1  - Fuel Economy Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Ultracapacitors-Based, Parallel Hybrid Electric Powertrains for a Transit Bus
EP  - 267
SP  - 258
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4737
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kitanović, Marko and Mrđa, Predrag D. and Popović, Slobodan and Miljić, Nenad",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Due to Internal Combustion Engines’ (ICE) significant share in global energy demand, primarily through the transportation sector, great efforts are invested in research for solutions that will increase the fuel economy of ICE-powered vehicles. The main objective of the study presented in this paper has been to perform a comparative study of a conventional and a parallel hybrid electric transit bus employing an ultracapacitors-based energy accumulator. A high-fidelity simulation model of the vehicle has been designed in the AMESim multi-domain system analysis software. The conventional powertrain model has been calibrated using data obtained during an acquisition experiment conducted in real-world traffic conditions on a transit bus. This data also served as the basis for defining the driving cycle on which the numerical analyses will be conducted. A simple, sub-optimal control law has been implemented in the hybrid powertrain simulation model. Also, an advanced energy management law based on Dynamic Programming has been derived to assess the ultimate fuel economy improvement potential of the hybrid solution and to make design decisions. Initial study shows that considerable fuel consumption reduction in excess of 30% could be achieved by implementing a regenerative hybrid system employing an ultracapacitorbased accumulator.",
publisher = "Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac",
journal = "International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014",
title = "Fuel Economy Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Ultracapacitors-Based, Parallel Hybrid Electric Powertrains for a Transit Bus",
pages = "267-258",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4737"
}

Kitanović, M., Mrđa, P. D., Popović, S.,& Miljić, N.. (2014). Fuel Economy Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Ultracapacitors-Based, Parallel Hybrid Electric Powertrains for a Transit Bus. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014
Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac., 258-267.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4737

Kitanović M, Mrđa PD, Popović S, Miljić N. Fuel Economy Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Ultracapacitors-Based, Parallel Hybrid Electric Powertrains for a Transit Bus. in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014. 2014;:258-267.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4737 .

Kitanović, Marko, Mrđa, Predrag D., Popović, Slobodan, Miljić, Nenad, "Fuel Economy Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Ultracapacitors-Based, Parallel Hybrid Electric Powertrains for a Transit Bus" in International Congress Motor Vehicles & Motors 2014 (2014):258-267,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4737 .