TY  - JOUR
AU  - Janjatović, Petar D.
AU  - Erić-Cekić, Olivera
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Baloš, Sebastian
AU  - Grabulov, Vencislav
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3692
AB  - Dual-phase ADI material microstructure consists of different amounts and morphologies of ausferrite and free ferrite, obtained by subjecting ductile iron to specific heat treatment. Its strength is lower compared to comparable ADI materials but exhibits a higher ductility, the major disadvantage of ADI. In the current study, an unalloyed ductile iron was intercritical austenitized in two-phase regions (??+??) at four temperatures from 840 to 780 ??C for 2 h and austempered at 400 ??C for 1 h to obtain dual-phase ADI with different percentages of free ferrite and ausferrite. Light and scanning electron microscopy was performed for the metallographic and fracture studies, respectively. Microscopy results were correlated to tensile testing results. The results indicated that, as the amount of ausferrite present in the matrix increases, higher values of strength and lower ductility are obtained. The fracture surfaces of dual-phase ADI microstructures with 22.8% of ausferrite in their matrix have regions of quasi-cleavage fracture around last-to-freeze zones, related to the presence of ausferrite in those areas. The specimens with the highest values of ausferrite of 86.8% among the dual-phase microstructure have a dominant quasi-cleavage type of fracture.
PB  - Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd
T2  - Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly
T1  - Microstructure and fracture mode of unalloyed dual-phase austempered ductile iron
EP  - 167
IS  - 2
SP  - 161
VL  - 28
DO  - 10.2298/CICEQ201222027J
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Janjatović, Petar D. and Erić-Cekić, Olivera and Rajnović, Dragan and Baloš, Sebastian and Grabulov, Vencislav and Šiđanin, Leposava",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Dual-phase ADI material microstructure consists of different amounts and morphologies of ausferrite and free ferrite, obtained by subjecting ductile iron to specific heat treatment. Its strength is lower compared to comparable ADI materials but exhibits a higher ductility, the major disadvantage of ADI. In the current study, an unalloyed ductile iron was intercritical austenitized in two-phase regions (??+??) at four temperatures from 840 to 780 ??C for 2 h and austempered at 400 ??C for 1 h to obtain dual-phase ADI with different percentages of free ferrite and ausferrite. Light and scanning electron microscopy was performed for the metallographic and fracture studies, respectively. Microscopy results were correlated to tensile testing results. The results indicated that, as the amount of ausferrite present in the matrix increases, higher values of strength and lower ductility are obtained. The fracture surfaces of dual-phase ADI microstructures with 22.8% of ausferrite in their matrix have regions of quasi-cleavage fracture around last-to-freeze zones, related to the presence of ausferrite in those areas. The specimens with the highest values of ausferrite of 86.8% among the dual-phase microstructure have a dominant quasi-cleavage type of fracture.",
publisher = "Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd",
journal = "Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly",
title = "Microstructure and fracture mode of unalloyed dual-phase austempered ductile iron",
pages = "167-161",
number = "2",
volume = "28",
doi = "10.2298/CICEQ201222027J"
}

Janjatović, P. D., Erić-Cekić, O., Rajnović, D., Baloš, S., Grabulov, V.,& Šiđanin, L.. (2022). Microstructure and fracture mode of unalloyed dual-phase austempered ductile iron. in Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly
Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd., 28(2), 161-167.
https://doi.org/10.2298/CICEQ201222027J

Janjatović PD, Erić-Cekić O, Rajnović D, Baloš S, Grabulov V, Šiđanin L. Microstructure and fracture mode of unalloyed dual-phase austempered ductile iron. in Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly. 2022;28(2):161-167.
doi:10.2298/CICEQ201222027J .

Janjatović, Petar D., Erić-Cekić, Olivera, Rajnović, Dragan, Baloš, Sebastian, Grabulov, Vencislav, Šiđanin, Leposava, "Microstructure and fracture mode of unalloyed dual-phase austempered ductile iron" in Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly, 28, no. 2 (2022):161-167,
https://doi.org/10.2298/CICEQ201222027J . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baloš, Sebastian
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
AU  - Erić-Cekić, Olivera
AU  - Moraca, Slobodan
AU  - Trivković, Mirjana
AU  - Dedić, Milan
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3474
AB  - In this paper, selective laser melting fabricated specimens in non-heat-treated and heat-treated conditions were subjected to Vickers microhardness testing, by using a full range of loadings: 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 500, and 1000 g. Microhardness of longitudinal sections and cross-sections were correlated and the obtained values were plotted against loadings and indentation size effect was studied, in order to find the optimal loading range, that gives the material true microhardness, or load-independent hardness. The load dependence of the measured Vickers hardness values was described quantitatively through the application of the Meyer's law, proportional specimen resistance, and the modified proportional specimen resistance model. It was found that the microhardness rises as the loading is higher, causing a reversed indentation size effect, clearly indicating the range of true hardnesses of the tested material. Also, proportional specimen resistance and modified proportional specimen resistance models were found to have the highest correlation factors indicating their higher adequacy compared to Meyer's prediction model.
PB  - Sage Publications Ltd, London
T2  - Proceedings of The Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C-Journal of Mechanical Engineering Scie
T1  - Vickers hardness indentation size effect in selective laser melted MS1 maraging steel
EP  - 1730
IS  - 10
SP  - 1724
VL  - 235
DO  - 10.1177/0954406219892301
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Baloš, Sebastian and Rajnović, Dragan and Šiđanin, Leposava and Erić-Cekić, Olivera and Moraca, Slobodan and Trivković, Mirjana and Dedić, Milan",
year = "2021",
abstract = "In this paper, selective laser melting fabricated specimens in non-heat-treated and heat-treated conditions were subjected to Vickers microhardness testing, by using a full range of loadings: 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 500, and 1000 g. Microhardness of longitudinal sections and cross-sections were correlated and the obtained values were plotted against loadings and indentation size effect was studied, in order to find the optimal loading range, that gives the material true microhardness, or load-independent hardness. The load dependence of the measured Vickers hardness values was described quantitatively through the application of the Meyer's law, proportional specimen resistance, and the modified proportional specimen resistance model. It was found that the microhardness rises as the loading is higher, causing a reversed indentation size effect, clearly indicating the range of true hardnesses of the tested material. Also, proportional specimen resistance and modified proportional specimen resistance models were found to have the highest correlation factors indicating their higher adequacy compared to Meyer's prediction model.",
publisher = "Sage Publications Ltd, London",
journal = "Proceedings of The Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C-Journal of Mechanical Engineering Scie",
title = "Vickers hardness indentation size effect in selective laser melted MS1 maraging steel",
pages = "1730-1724",
number = "10",
volume = "235",
doi = "10.1177/0954406219892301"
}

Baloš, S., Rajnović, D., Šiđanin, L., Erić-Cekić, O., Moraca, S., Trivković, M.,& Dedić, M.. (2021). Vickers hardness indentation size effect in selective laser melted MS1 maraging steel. in Proceedings of The Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C-Journal of Mechanical Engineering Scie
Sage Publications Ltd, London., 235(10), 1724-1730.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0954406219892301

Baloš S, Rajnović D, Šiđanin L, Erić-Cekić O, Moraca S, Trivković M, Dedić M. Vickers hardness indentation size effect in selective laser melted MS1 maraging steel. in Proceedings of The Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C-Journal of Mechanical Engineering Scie. 2021;235(10):1724-1730.
doi:10.1177/0954406219892301 .

Baloš, Sebastian, Rajnović, Dragan, Šiđanin, Leposava, Erić-Cekić, Olivera, Moraca, Slobodan, Trivković, Mirjana, Dedić, Milan, "Vickers hardness indentation size effect in selective laser melted MS1 maraging steel" in Proceedings of The Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C-Journal of Mechanical Engineering Scie, 235, no. 10 (2021):1724-1730,
https://doi.org/10.1177/0954406219892301 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Erić-Cekić, Olivera
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
AU  - Janjatović, Petar
AU  - Baloš, Sebastian
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3251
AB  - During the last few years, there has been an increased interest in improving the strength of ductile iron by means of heat-treating to obtain dual phase microstructures that enhance the properties found in the Austempered Ductile Irons (ADI). Therefore, additional research int this field is well motivated. An example of this is the innovative dual phase austempered irons - DP-ADI, that has a greater ductility than the conventionally heat treated ADI, due to its microstructure composed of ausferrite (regular ADI microstructure) and free (proeutectoid) allotriomorphic ferrite. Additionally, dual phase ADI could provide a wide range of mechanical properties as a function of the relative proportion of proeutectoid ferrite and ausferrite constituents, thereby replacing conventional ductile iron. Hence, dual phase ADI will be appropriate for new applications in the critical parts, where a combination of high strength and ductility is a pressing requirement. Furthermore, with the introduction of free ferrite into the matrix increased machinability of ADI could be achieved. The aim of this paper was to review works that have been published over the past years on the effects of process variables, mechanical properties, microstructure and applications of Dual phase Austempered Ductile Iron and to present some own results. This review is an attempt to assemble the results of the worldwide sudden increase in research and development that followed the announcement of the first production of the DP-ADI material.
PB  - Springer International Publishing Ag, Cham
C3  - Computational and Experimental Approaches in Materials Science and Engineering, Cnntech 2019
T1  - Dual Phase Austempered Ductile Iron - The Material Revolution and Its Engineering Applications
EP  - 38
SP  - 22
VL  - 90
DO  - 10.1007/978-3-030-30853-7_2
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Erić-Cekić, Olivera and Rajnović, Dragan and Šiđanin, Leposava and Janjatović, Petar and Baloš, Sebastian",
year = "2020",
abstract = "During the last few years, there has been an increased interest in improving the strength of ductile iron by means of heat-treating to obtain dual phase microstructures that enhance the properties found in the Austempered Ductile Irons (ADI). Therefore, additional research int this field is well motivated. An example of this is the innovative dual phase austempered irons - DP-ADI, that has a greater ductility than the conventionally heat treated ADI, due to its microstructure composed of ausferrite (regular ADI microstructure) and free (proeutectoid) allotriomorphic ferrite. Additionally, dual phase ADI could provide a wide range of mechanical properties as a function of the relative proportion of proeutectoid ferrite and ausferrite constituents, thereby replacing conventional ductile iron. Hence, dual phase ADI will be appropriate for new applications in the critical parts, where a combination of high strength and ductility is a pressing requirement. Furthermore, with the introduction of free ferrite into the matrix increased machinability of ADI could be achieved. The aim of this paper was to review works that have been published over the past years on the effects of process variables, mechanical properties, microstructure and applications of Dual phase Austempered Ductile Iron and to present some own results. This review is an attempt to assemble the results of the worldwide sudden increase in research and development that followed the announcement of the first production of the DP-ADI material.",
publisher = "Springer International Publishing Ag, Cham",
journal = "Computational and Experimental Approaches in Materials Science and Engineering, Cnntech 2019",
title = "Dual Phase Austempered Ductile Iron - The Material Revolution and Its Engineering Applications",
pages = "38-22",
volume = "90",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-030-30853-7_2"
}

Erić-Cekić, O., Rajnović, D., Šiđanin, L., Janjatović, P.,& Baloš, S.. (2020). Dual Phase Austempered Ductile Iron - The Material Revolution and Its Engineering Applications. in Computational and Experimental Approaches in Materials Science and Engineering, Cnntech 2019
Springer International Publishing Ag, Cham., 90, 22-38.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30853-7_2

Erić-Cekić O, Rajnović D, Šiđanin L, Janjatović P, Baloš S. Dual Phase Austempered Ductile Iron - The Material Revolution and Its Engineering Applications. in Computational and Experimental Approaches in Materials Science and Engineering, Cnntech 2019. 2020;90:22-38.
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-30853-7_2 .

Erić-Cekić, Olivera, Rajnović, Dragan, Šiđanin, Leposava, Janjatović, Petar, Baloš, Sebastian, "Dual Phase Austempered Ductile Iron - The Material Revolution and Its Engineering Applications" in Computational and Experimental Approaches in Materials Science and Engineering, Cnntech 2019, 90 (2020):22-38,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30853-7_2 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baloš, Sebastian
AU  - Radisavljević, Igor
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Janjatović, P.
AU  - Dramićanin, Miroslav 
AU  - Erić-Cekić, Olivera
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3043
AB  - In this study, the performance of austempered compacted graphite iron was evaluated to find its suitability as perforated plates used in add-on armour. Perforated compacted graphite plates were subjected to austenitisation at 900 degrees C for 2 h followed by austempering at 275 and 400 degrees C for 1 h. The basic plate was fixed at 400 mm away from the perforated plate and armour and then piercing incendiary projectile was shot from a distance of 100 m. It was observed that both 7 mm and 9 mm perforated plates austempered at lower temperature of 275 degrees C producing higher hardness and lower ductility were effective in fracturing the penetrating core, thereby significantly decreasing the chances of penetrating the basic plate.
PB  - Defence Scientific Information Documentation Centre, Delhi
T2  - Defence Science Journal
T1  - Ballistic Behaviour of Austempered Compacted Graphite Iron Perforated Plates
EP  - 576
IS  - 6
SP  - 571
VL  - 69
DO  - 10.14429/dsj.69.14010
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Baloš, Sebastian and Radisavljević, Igor and Rajnović, Dragan and Janjatović, P. and Dramićanin, Miroslav  and Erić-Cekić, Olivera and Šiđanin, Leposava",
year = "2019",
abstract = "In this study, the performance of austempered compacted graphite iron was evaluated to find its suitability as perforated plates used in add-on armour. Perforated compacted graphite plates were subjected to austenitisation at 900 degrees C for 2 h followed by austempering at 275 and 400 degrees C for 1 h. The basic plate was fixed at 400 mm away from the perforated plate and armour and then piercing incendiary projectile was shot from a distance of 100 m. It was observed that both 7 mm and 9 mm perforated plates austempered at lower temperature of 275 degrees C producing higher hardness and lower ductility were effective in fracturing the penetrating core, thereby significantly decreasing the chances of penetrating the basic plate.",
publisher = "Defence Scientific Information Documentation Centre, Delhi",
journal = "Defence Science Journal",
title = "Ballistic Behaviour of Austempered Compacted Graphite Iron Perforated Plates",
pages = "576-571",
number = "6",
volume = "69",
doi = "10.14429/dsj.69.14010"
}

Baloš, S., Radisavljević, I., Rajnović, D., Janjatović, P., Dramićanin, M., Erić-Cekić, O.,& Šiđanin, L.. (2019). Ballistic Behaviour of Austempered Compacted Graphite Iron Perforated Plates. in Defence Science Journal
Defence Scientific Information Documentation Centre, Delhi., 69(6), 571-576.
https://doi.org/10.14429/dsj.69.14010

Baloš S, Radisavljević I, Rajnović D, Janjatović P, Dramićanin M, Erić-Cekić O, Šiđanin L. Ballistic Behaviour of Austempered Compacted Graphite Iron Perforated Plates. in Defence Science Journal. 2019;69(6):571-576.
doi:10.14429/dsj.69.14010 .

Baloš, Sebastian, Radisavljević, Igor, Rajnović, Dragan, Janjatović, P., Dramićanin, Miroslav , Erić-Cekić, Olivera, Šiđanin, Leposava, "Ballistic Behaviour of Austempered Compacted Graphite Iron Perforated Plates" in Defence Science Journal, 69, no. 6 (2019):571-576,
https://doi.org/10.14429/dsj.69.14010 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Erić-Cekić, Olivera
AU  - Dojčinović, Marina
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
AU  - Baloš, Sebastian
PY  - 2018
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2779
AB  - In this paper, the study of cavitation behaviour of austempered ductile iron (ADI) alloyed with copper, as well as copper and nickel with a fully ausferritic microstructure, is presented. The ADI materials used were austenitized at 900 degrees C and austempered at 350 degrees C having an ausferrite microstructure with 16 and 19% of austenite, respectively. The experimental investigations were conducted using the ultrasonically induced cavitation test method. The results show that the cavitation damage was initiated at graphite nodules, as well as in the interface between a graphite nodule and an ausferrite matrix. The cavitation rate revealed that the ADI material alloyed with Cu + Ni austempered at 350 degrees C/3h has a higher cavitation resistance in water than ADI alloyed with Cu. An increased cavitation resistance of the ADI material alloyed with Cu and Ni is due to the matrix hardening by stress assisted phase transformation of austenite into the martensite (SATRAM) phenomenon.
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd, Abingdon
T2  - International Journal of Cast Metals Research
T1  - Microstructure and cavitation behaviour of alloyed austempered ductile irons
EP  - 287
IS  - 5
SP  - 279
VL  - 31
DO  - 10.1080/13640461.2018.1446385
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Erić-Cekić, Olivera and Dojčinović, Marina and Rajnović, Dragan and Šiđanin, Leposava and Baloš, Sebastian",
year = "2018",
abstract = "In this paper, the study of cavitation behaviour of austempered ductile iron (ADI) alloyed with copper, as well as copper and nickel with a fully ausferritic microstructure, is presented. The ADI materials used were austenitized at 900 degrees C and austempered at 350 degrees C having an ausferrite microstructure with 16 and 19% of austenite, respectively. The experimental investigations were conducted using the ultrasonically induced cavitation test method. The results show that the cavitation damage was initiated at graphite nodules, as well as in the interface between a graphite nodule and an ausferrite matrix. The cavitation rate revealed that the ADI material alloyed with Cu + Ni austempered at 350 degrees C/3h has a higher cavitation resistance in water than ADI alloyed with Cu. An increased cavitation resistance of the ADI material alloyed with Cu and Ni is due to the matrix hardening by stress assisted phase transformation of austenite into the martensite (SATRAM) phenomenon.",
publisher = "Taylor & Francis Ltd, Abingdon",
journal = "International Journal of Cast Metals Research",
title = "Microstructure and cavitation behaviour of alloyed austempered ductile irons",
pages = "287-279",
number = "5",
volume = "31",
doi = "10.1080/13640461.2018.1446385"
}

Erić-Cekić, O., Dojčinović, M., Rajnović, D., Šiđanin, L.,& Baloš, S.. (2018). Microstructure and cavitation behaviour of alloyed austempered ductile irons. in International Journal of Cast Metals Research
Taylor & Francis Ltd, Abingdon., 31(5), 279-287.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13640461.2018.1446385

Erić-Cekić O, Dojčinović M, Rajnović D, Šiđanin L, Baloš S. Microstructure and cavitation behaviour of alloyed austempered ductile irons. in International Journal of Cast Metals Research. 2018;31(5):279-287.
doi:10.1080/13640461.2018.1446385 .

Erić-Cekić, Olivera, Dojčinović, Marina, Rajnović, Dragan, Šiđanin, Leposava, Baloš, Sebastian, "Microstructure and cavitation behaviour of alloyed austempered ductile irons" in International Journal of Cast Metals Research, 31, no. 5 (2018):279-287,
https://doi.org/10.1080/13640461.2018.1446385 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baloš, Sebastian
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Dramićanin, Miroslav 
AU  - Labus, D.
AU  - Erić-Cekić, Olivera
AU  - Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2450
AB  - In this paper, the wear rate of ferritic and pearlitic ductile iron, as well as three types of austempered ductile iron (ADI materials), austempered at 300, 350 and 400 degrees C is investigated. Two wear parameters were varied, wear load (0.5, 1.3, 2 kg) and grit paper abrasive grain size (P240, P500, P800). The hardness of ductile iron and stress-assisted phase transformation of retained austenite into martensite (SATRAM) phenomenon in ADI materials were found to play major roles in wear behaviour. The pronounced SATRAM phenomenon was detected for the most severe wear parameters. Another important factor in the occurrence of SATRAM phenomenon is the presence of metastable, low carbon-enriched retained austenite. As a consequence, the wear rate of ADI austempered at 400 degrees C is nearly equivalent to ADI austempered at 300 degrees C at medium and high loading with the coarsest abrasive paper grit tested (P240).
PB  - Taylor & Francis Ltd, Abingdon
T2  - International Journal of Cast Metals Research
T1  - Abrasive wear behaviour of ADI material with various retained austenite content
EP  - 193
IS  - 4
SP  - 187
VL  - 29
DO  - 10.1080/13640461.2015.1125982
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Baloš, Sebastian and Rajnović, Dragan and Dramićanin, Miroslav  and Labus, D. and Erić-Cekić, Olivera and Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina and Šiđanin, Leposava",
year = "2016",
abstract = "In this paper, the wear rate of ferritic and pearlitic ductile iron, as well as three types of austempered ductile iron (ADI materials), austempered at 300, 350 and 400 degrees C is investigated. Two wear parameters were varied, wear load (0.5, 1.3, 2 kg) and grit paper abrasive grain size (P240, P500, P800). The hardness of ductile iron and stress-assisted phase transformation of retained austenite into martensite (SATRAM) phenomenon in ADI materials were found to play major roles in wear behaviour. The pronounced SATRAM phenomenon was detected for the most severe wear parameters. Another important factor in the occurrence of SATRAM phenomenon is the presence of metastable, low carbon-enriched retained austenite. As a consequence, the wear rate of ADI austempered at 400 degrees C is nearly equivalent to ADI austempered at 300 degrees C at medium and high loading with the coarsest abrasive paper grit tested (P240).",
publisher = "Taylor & Francis Ltd, Abingdon",
journal = "International Journal of Cast Metals Research",
title = "Abrasive wear behaviour of ADI material with various retained austenite content",
pages = "193-187",
number = "4",
volume = "29",
doi = "10.1080/13640461.2015.1125982"
}

Baloš, S., Rajnović, D., Dramićanin, M., Labus, D., Erić-Cekić, O., Grbović-Novaković, J.,& Šiđanin, L.. (2016). Abrasive wear behaviour of ADI material with various retained austenite content. in International Journal of Cast Metals Research
Taylor & Francis Ltd, Abingdon., 29(4), 187-193.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13640461.2015.1125982

Baloš S, Rajnović D, Dramićanin M, Labus D, Erić-Cekić O, Grbović-Novaković J, Šiđanin L. Abrasive wear behaviour of ADI material with various retained austenite content. in International Journal of Cast Metals Research. 2016;29(4):187-193.
doi:10.1080/13640461.2015.1125982 .

Baloš, Sebastian, Rajnović, Dragan, Dramićanin, Miroslav , Labus, D., Erić-Cekić, Olivera, Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina, Šiđanin, Leposava, "Abrasive wear behaviour of ADI material with various retained austenite content" in International Journal of Cast Metals Research, 29, no. 4 (2016):187-193,
https://doi.org/10.1080/13640461.2015.1125982 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Baloš, Sebastian
AU  - Radisavljević, Igor
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Dramićanin, Miroslav 
AU  - Tabaković, Slobodan
AU  - Erić-Cekić, Olivera
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2237
AB  - In this paper, austempered ductile iron has been evaluated as an alternative to steel for perforated plates applied in the ballistic protection of military vehicles. The austempering was performed in lower and higher austempering ranges in order to obtain two types of austempered ductile iron: one with a higher strength, and the other with a higher ductility. Perforated plates having two different thicknesses of 7 and 9 mm were mounted in front of basic armour and 12.7 x 99 mm armour piercing incendiary ammunition was fired from 100 m. It was shown that the austempered ductile iron material austempered at a lower temperature has superior ballistic resistance, providing a full (five out of five armour piercing incendiary shots stopped) ballistic resistance if combined with 13 mm basic armour plate. The thicker austempered ductile iron perforated plate provides more significant penetrating core damage, and therefore, lower basic plate damage. On the other hand, the thinner austempered ductile iron material perforated plate can be considered optimal due to its lower weight and higher mass effectiveness. In austempered ductile iron material austempered at a higher temperature, besides a lower hardness, bulk retained low-carbon metastable austenite transforms into martensite through strain induced mechanism, causing a partial brittle fracture.
PB  - Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Materials & Design
T1  - Geometry, mechanical and ballistic properties of ADI material perforated plates
EP  - 74
SP  - 66
VL  - 83
DO  - 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.05.081
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Baloš, Sebastian and Radisavljević, Igor and Rajnović, Dragan and Dramićanin, Miroslav  and Tabaković, Slobodan and Erić-Cekić, Olivera and Šiđanin, Leposava",
year = "2015",
abstract = "In this paper, austempered ductile iron has been evaluated as an alternative to steel for perforated plates applied in the ballistic protection of military vehicles. The austempering was performed in lower and higher austempering ranges in order to obtain two types of austempered ductile iron: one with a higher strength, and the other with a higher ductility. Perforated plates having two different thicknesses of 7 and 9 mm were mounted in front of basic armour and 12.7 x 99 mm armour piercing incendiary ammunition was fired from 100 m. It was shown that the austempered ductile iron material austempered at a lower temperature has superior ballistic resistance, providing a full (five out of five armour piercing incendiary shots stopped) ballistic resistance if combined with 13 mm basic armour plate. The thicker austempered ductile iron perforated plate provides more significant penetrating core damage, and therefore, lower basic plate damage. On the other hand, the thinner austempered ductile iron material perforated plate can be considered optimal due to its lower weight and higher mass effectiveness. In austempered ductile iron material austempered at a higher temperature, besides a lower hardness, bulk retained low-carbon metastable austenite transforms into martensite through strain induced mechanism, causing a partial brittle fracture.",
publisher = "Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Materials & Design",
title = "Geometry, mechanical and ballistic properties of ADI material perforated plates",
pages = "74-66",
volume = "83",
doi = "10.1016/j.matdes.2015.05.081"
}

Baloš, S., Radisavljević, I., Rajnović, D., Dramićanin, M., Tabaković, S., Erić-Cekić, O.,& Šiđanin, L.. (2015). Geometry, mechanical and ballistic properties of ADI material perforated plates. in Materials & Design
Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford., 83, 66-74.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.05.081

Baloš S, Radisavljević I, Rajnović D, Dramićanin M, Tabaković S, Erić-Cekić O, Šiđanin L. Geometry, mechanical and ballistic properties of ADI material perforated plates. in Materials & Design. 2015;83:66-74.
doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2015.05.081 .

Baloš, Sebastian, Radisavljević, Igor, Rajnović, Dragan, Dramićanin, Miroslav , Tabaković, Slobodan, Erić-Cekić, Olivera, Šiđanin, Leposava, "Geometry, mechanical and ballistic properties of ADI material perforated plates" in Materials & Design, 83 (2015):66-74,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.05.081 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Baloš, Sebastian
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
AU  - Erić-Cekić, Olivera
AU  - Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2086
AB  - Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is an advanced type of heat treated ductile iron, having comparable mechanical properties as forged steels. However, it was found that in contact with water the mechanical properties of austempered ductile irons decrease, especially their ductility. Despite considerable scientific attention, the cause of this phenomenon remains unclear. Some authors suggested that hydrogen or small atom chemisorption causes the weakening of the surface atomic bonds. To get additional reliable data of that phenomenon, in this paper, two different types of austempered ductile irons were tensile tested in various environments, such as: argon, helium, hydrogen gas and water. It was found that only the hydrogen gas and water gave a statistically significant decrease in mechanical properties, i.e. cause embrittlement. Furthermore, the fracture surface analysis revealed that the morphology of the embrittled zone near the specimen surface shares similarities to the fatigue micro-containing striation-like lines, which indicates that the morphology of the brittle zone may be caused by cyclic local-chemisorption, micro-embrittlement and local-fracture.
PB  - Elsevier Science Inc, New York
T2  - Materials Characterization
T1  - Tensile properties of ADI material in water and gaseous environments
EP  - 33
SP  - 26
VL  - 101
DO  - 10.1016/j.matchar.2015.01.001
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Rajnović, Dragan and Baloš, Sebastian and Šiđanin, Leposava and Erić-Cekić, Olivera and Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina",
year = "2015",
abstract = "Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is an advanced type of heat treated ductile iron, having comparable mechanical properties as forged steels. However, it was found that in contact with water the mechanical properties of austempered ductile irons decrease, especially their ductility. Despite considerable scientific attention, the cause of this phenomenon remains unclear. Some authors suggested that hydrogen or small atom chemisorption causes the weakening of the surface atomic bonds. To get additional reliable data of that phenomenon, in this paper, two different types of austempered ductile irons were tensile tested in various environments, such as: argon, helium, hydrogen gas and water. It was found that only the hydrogen gas and water gave a statistically significant decrease in mechanical properties, i.e. cause embrittlement. Furthermore, the fracture surface analysis revealed that the morphology of the embrittled zone near the specimen surface shares similarities to the fatigue micro-containing striation-like lines, which indicates that the morphology of the brittle zone may be caused by cyclic local-chemisorption, micro-embrittlement and local-fracture.",
publisher = "Elsevier Science Inc, New York",
journal = "Materials Characterization",
title = "Tensile properties of ADI material in water and gaseous environments",
pages = "33-26",
volume = "101",
doi = "10.1016/j.matchar.2015.01.001"
}

Rajnović, D., Baloš, S., Šiđanin, L., Erić-Cekić, O.,& Grbović-Novaković, J.. (2015). Tensile properties of ADI material in water and gaseous environments. in Materials Characterization
Elsevier Science Inc, New York., 101, 26-33.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2015.01.001

Rajnović D, Baloš S, Šiđanin L, Erić-Cekić O, Grbović-Novaković J. Tensile properties of ADI material in water and gaseous environments. in Materials Characterization. 2015;101:26-33.
doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2015.01.001 .

Rajnović, Dragan, Baloš, Sebastian, Šiđanin, Leposava, Erić-Cekić, Olivera, Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina, "Tensile properties of ADI material in water and gaseous environments" in Materials Characterization, 101 (2015):26-33,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2015.01.001 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Erić-Cekić, Olivera
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Baloš, Sebastian
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1909
AB  - The aim of the paper was to investigate the effect of austempering parameters (time and temperature) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ADI alloyed with 1.5% Cu and 1.6% Ni (in wt.%) in order to establish the optimal processing window. It was shown that the strength, elongation and impact energy strongly depend on the amounts of ausferritic ferrite and retained austenite. A processing window was established according to the results of the kinetics of the isothermal transformation. The results show that the processing window for ADI alloyed with Cu and Ni at 350 degrees C was relatively wide, while the processing window for the isothermal transformation at 400 degrees C becomes narrower and shifted to the left. The processing window of ADI austempered at 300 degrees C is also narrower, but shifted to the right towards the longer times compared to the processing window of ADI austempered at 350 degrees C.
PB  - Korean Inst Metals Materials, Seoul
T2  - Metals and Materials International
T1  - Austempering Kinetics of Cu-Ni Alloyed Austempered Ductile Iron
EP  - 1138
IS  - 6
SP  - 1131
VL  - 20
DO  - 10.1007/s12540-014-6017-3
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Erić-Cekić, Olivera and Šiđanin, Leposava and Rajnović, Dragan and Baloš, Sebastian",
year = "2014",
abstract = "The aim of the paper was to investigate the effect of austempering parameters (time and temperature) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ADI alloyed with 1.5% Cu and 1.6% Ni (in wt.%) in order to establish the optimal processing window. It was shown that the strength, elongation and impact energy strongly depend on the amounts of ausferritic ferrite and retained austenite. A processing window was established according to the results of the kinetics of the isothermal transformation. The results show that the processing window for ADI alloyed with Cu and Ni at 350 degrees C was relatively wide, while the processing window for the isothermal transformation at 400 degrees C becomes narrower and shifted to the left. The processing window of ADI austempered at 300 degrees C is also narrower, but shifted to the right towards the longer times compared to the processing window of ADI austempered at 350 degrees C.",
publisher = "Korean Inst Metals Materials, Seoul",
journal = "Metals and Materials International",
title = "Austempering Kinetics of Cu-Ni Alloyed Austempered Ductile Iron",
pages = "1138-1131",
number = "6",
volume = "20",
doi = "10.1007/s12540-014-6017-3"
}

Erić-Cekić, O., Šiđanin, L., Rajnović, D.,& Baloš, S.. (2014). Austempering Kinetics of Cu-Ni Alloyed Austempered Ductile Iron. in Metals and Materials International
Korean Inst Metals Materials, Seoul., 20(6), 1131-1138.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-014-6017-3

Erić-Cekić O, Šiđanin L, Rajnović D, Baloš S. Austempering Kinetics of Cu-Ni Alloyed Austempered Ductile Iron. in Metals and Materials International. 2014;20(6):1131-1138.
doi:10.1007/s12540-014-6017-3 .

Erić-Cekić, Olivera, Šiđanin, Leposava, Rajnović, Dragan, Baloš, Sebastian, "Austempering Kinetics of Cu-Ni Alloyed Austempered Ductile Iron" in Metals and Materials International, 20, no. 6 (2014):1131-1138,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-014-6017-3 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dojčinović, Marina
AU  - Erić, Olivera
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
AU  - Baloš, Sebastian
PY  - 2013
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1729
AB  - This paper provides an in-depth study and description of cavitation damage and microstructural changes in two types of unalloyed austempered ductile iron (ADI). ADI materials used were austempered at 300 and 400 degrees C having ausferrite microstructure with 16 and 31.4% of retained austenite, respectively. Metallographic examination was carried out to study the morphology of their cavitation-damaged surfaces. Cavitation damage was initiated at graphite nodules as well as in the interface between a graphite nodule and an ausferrite matrix. Furthermore, microcracking and ferrite/retained austenite morphology were proved to be of great importance for cavitation resistance. Mass loss rate revealed that ADI austempered at 400 degrees C has a higher cavitation resistance in water than ADI austempered at 300 degrees C. A higher amount of retained austenite in ADI austempered at 400 degrees C played an important role in increasing cavitation resistance. The good cavitation behaviour of ADI austempered at 400 degrees C was due to the matrix hardening by stress assisted phase transformation of retained austenite into martensite (SATRAM) phenomenon, as shown by X-ray diffraction analysis.
PB  - Elsevier Science Inc, New York
T2  - Materials Characterization
T1  - Effect of austempering temperature on cavitation behaviour of unalloyed ADI material
EP  - 72
SP  - 66
VL  - 82
DO  - 10.1016/j.matchar.2013.05.005
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Dojčinović, Marina and Erić, Olivera and Rajnović, Dragan and Šiđanin, Leposava and Baloš, Sebastian",
year = "2013",
abstract = "This paper provides an in-depth study and description of cavitation damage and microstructural changes in two types of unalloyed austempered ductile iron (ADI). ADI materials used were austempered at 300 and 400 degrees C having ausferrite microstructure with 16 and 31.4% of retained austenite, respectively. Metallographic examination was carried out to study the morphology of their cavitation-damaged surfaces. Cavitation damage was initiated at graphite nodules as well as in the interface between a graphite nodule and an ausferrite matrix. Furthermore, microcracking and ferrite/retained austenite morphology were proved to be of great importance for cavitation resistance. Mass loss rate revealed that ADI austempered at 400 degrees C has a higher cavitation resistance in water than ADI austempered at 300 degrees C. A higher amount of retained austenite in ADI austempered at 400 degrees C played an important role in increasing cavitation resistance. The good cavitation behaviour of ADI austempered at 400 degrees C was due to the matrix hardening by stress assisted phase transformation of retained austenite into martensite (SATRAM) phenomenon, as shown by X-ray diffraction analysis.",
publisher = "Elsevier Science Inc, New York",
journal = "Materials Characterization",
title = "Effect of austempering temperature on cavitation behaviour of unalloyed ADI material",
pages = "72-66",
volume = "82",
doi = "10.1016/j.matchar.2013.05.005"
}

Dojčinović, M., Erić, O., Rajnović, D., Šiđanin, L.,& Baloš, S.. (2013). Effect of austempering temperature on cavitation behaviour of unalloyed ADI material. in Materials Characterization
Elsevier Science Inc, New York., 82, 66-72.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2013.05.005

Dojčinović M, Erić O, Rajnović D, Šiđanin L, Baloš S. Effect of austempering temperature on cavitation behaviour of unalloyed ADI material. in Materials Characterization. 2013;82:66-72.
doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2013.05.005 .

Dojčinović, Marina, Erić, Olivera, Rajnović, Dragan, Šiđanin, Leposava, Baloš, Sebastian, "Effect of austempering temperature on cavitation behaviour of unalloyed ADI material" in Materials Characterization, 82 (2013):66-72,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2013.05.005 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Erić, Olivera
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
PY  - 2012
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1477
AB  - In present paper the effect of austempering conditions and alloying elements on the microstructure, mechanical properties and processing window of Cu and Cu + Ni alloyed austempered ductile irons has been studied. A new concept of "standard" processing window was suggested as an alternative to the well-known "microstructure" processing window. This concept is based on the ability to achieve mechanical properties required by different standards, namely ASTM, ISO and EN. The results obtained show that alloying with Cu + Ni produced ductile grades of ADI, while alloying with Cu grades of higher strength. The standard processing window depends on the austempering parameters and alloying elements, as well as standard used. The ISO and EN standards give a larger standard processing window compared to the ASTM. It was also shown, that from the engineering point of view, determination of a standard processing window gives great advantage compared to the microstructure processing window where special methods and procedures have to be used.
T2  - Kovove Materialy
T1  - The standard processing window of alloyed ADI materials
EP  - 208
IS  - 3
SP  - 199
VL  - 50
DO  - 10.4149/km-2012-3-199
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Rajnović, Dragan and Erić, Olivera and Šiđanin, Leposava",
year = "2012",
abstract = "In present paper the effect of austempering conditions and alloying elements on the microstructure, mechanical properties and processing window of Cu and Cu + Ni alloyed austempered ductile irons has been studied. A new concept of "standard" processing window was suggested as an alternative to the well-known "microstructure" processing window. This concept is based on the ability to achieve mechanical properties required by different standards, namely ASTM, ISO and EN. The results obtained show that alloying with Cu + Ni produced ductile grades of ADI, while alloying with Cu grades of higher strength. The standard processing window depends on the austempering parameters and alloying elements, as well as standard used. The ISO and EN standards give a larger standard processing window compared to the ASTM. It was also shown, that from the engineering point of view, determination of a standard processing window gives great advantage compared to the microstructure processing window where special methods and procedures have to be used.",
journal = "Kovove Materialy",
title = "The standard processing window of alloyed ADI materials",
pages = "208-199",
number = "3",
volume = "50",
doi = "10.4149/km-2012-3-199"
}

Rajnović, D., Erić, O.,& Šiđanin, L.. (2012). The standard processing window of alloyed ADI materials. in Kovove Materialy, 50(3), 199-208.
https://doi.org/10.4149/km-2012-3-199

Rajnović D, Erić O, Šiđanin L. The standard processing window of alloyed ADI materials. in Kovove Materialy. 2012;50(3):199-208.
doi:10.4149/km-2012-3-199 .

Rajnović, Dragan, Erić, Olivera, Šiđanin, Leposava, "The standard processing window of alloyed ADI materials" in Kovove Materialy, 50, no. 3 (2012):199-208,
https://doi.org/10.4149/km-2012-3-199 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Erić, Olivera
AU  - Smallman, R. E.
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1047
AB  - Austempered ductile iron (ADI) proved to be an advanced material as it possesses remarkable combination of high strength, ductility and toughness with good wear resistance and machinability. These properties can be achieved upon adequate heat treatment which yields optimum microstructure for a given chemical composition. In the present paper, an investigation has been conducted on unalloyed ADI and alloyed with 0.47%Cu and 1.6%Cu + 1.5%Ni, austempered at 350 degrees C for the time up to the 6 h. The microstructure and fracture mode developed throughout these treatments have been studied by means of light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, as well as X-ray diffraction. It was shown that the strength, elongation and impact energy strongly depend on amount of ausferritic ferrite and stable, high carbon enriched retained, reacted austenite. Based on the results, optimal processing windows for alloyed ductile irons used, have been established. In addition, for alloyed ADIs with maximum amount of reacted, retained austenite, transition temperature was also obtained.
PB  - MANEY PUBLISHING, LEEDS
T2  - Materials Science and Technology
T1  - Austempering study of unalloyed and alloyed ductile irons
EP  - 571
IS  - 5
SP  - 567
VL  - 26
DO  - 10.1179/174328409X407524
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Šiđanin, Leposava and Rajnović, Dragan and Erić, Olivera and Smallman, R. E.",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Austempered ductile iron (ADI) proved to be an advanced material as it possesses remarkable combination of high strength, ductility and toughness with good wear resistance and machinability. These properties can be achieved upon adequate heat treatment which yields optimum microstructure for a given chemical composition. In the present paper, an investigation has been conducted on unalloyed ADI and alloyed with 0.47%Cu and 1.6%Cu + 1.5%Ni, austempered at 350 degrees C for the time up to the 6 h. The microstructure and fracture mode developed throughout these treatments have been studied by means of light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, as well as X-ray diffraction. It was shown that the strength, elongation and impact energy strongly depend on amount of ausferritic ferrite and stable, high carbon enriched retained, reacted austenite. Based on the results, optimal processing windows for alloyed ductile irons used, have been established. In addition, for alloyed ADIs with maximum amount of reacted, retained austenite, transition temperature was also obtained.",
publisher = "MANEY PUBLISHING, LEEDS",
journal = "Materials Science and Technology",
title = "Austempering study of unalloyed and alloyed ductile irons",
pages = "571-567",
number = "5",
volume = "26",
doi = "10.1179/174328409X407524"
}

Šiđanin, L., Rajnović, D., Erić, O.,& Smallman, R. E.. (2010). Austempering study of unalloyed and alloyed ductile irons. in Materials Science and Technology
MANEY PUBLISHING, LEEDS., 26(5), 567-571.
https://doi.org/10.1179/174328409X407524

Šiđanin L, Rajnović D, Erić O, Smallman RE. Austempering study of unalloyed and alloyed ductile irons. in Materials Science and Technology. 2010;26(5):567-571.
doi:10.1179/174328409X407524 .

Šiđanin, Leposava, Rajnović, Dragan, Erić, Olivera, Smallman, R. E., "Austempering study of unalloyed and alloyed ductile irons" in Materials Science and Technology, 26, no. 5 (2010):567-571,
https://doi.org/10.1179/174328409X407524 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Erić, Olivera
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
PY  - 2008
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/826
AB  - The ductile to brittle transition temperature is a very important criterion that is used for selection of materials in some applications, especially in low-temperature conditions. For that reason, in this paper transition temperature of as-cast and austempered copper and copper-nickel alloyed ductile iron (DI) in the temperature interval from -196 to +150 degrees C have been investigated. The microstructures of DIs and ADIs were examined by light microscope, whereas the fractured surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscope. The ADI materials have higher impact energies compared with DIs in an as-cast condition. In addition, the transition curves for ADIs are shifted towards lower temperatures. The fracture mode of Dls is influenced by a dominantly pearlitic matrix, exhibiting mostly brittle fracture through all temperatures of testing. By contrast, with decrease of temperature, the fracture mode for ADI materials changes gradually from fully ductile to fully brittle.
PB  - Wiley, Hoboken
T2  - Journal of Microscopy
T1  - Transition temperature and fracture mode of as-castand austempered ductile iron
EP  - 610
IS  - 3
SP  - 605
VL  - 232
DO  - 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2008.02125.x
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Rajnović, Dragan and Erić, Olivera and Šiđanin, Leposava",
year = "2008",
abstract = "The ductile to brittle transition temperature is a very important criterion that is used for selection of materials in some applications, especially in low-temperature conditions. For that reason, in this paper transition temperature of as-cast and austempered copper and copper-nickel alloyed ductile iron (DI) in the temperature interval from -196 to +150 degrees C have been investigated. The microstructures of DIs and ADIs were examined by light microscope, whereas the fractured surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscope. The ADI materials have higher impact energies compared with DIs in an as-cast condition. In addition, the transition curves for ADIs are shifted towards lower temperatures. The fracture mode of Dls is influenced by a dominantly pearlitic matrix, exhibiting mostly brittle fracture through all temperatures of testing. By contrast, with decrease of temperature, the fracture mode for ADI materials changes gradually from fully ductile to fully brittle.",
publisher = "Wiley, Hoboken",
journal = "Journal of Microscopy",
title = "Transition temperature and fracture mode of as-castand austempered ductile iron",
pages = "610-605",
number = "3",
volume = "232",
doi = "10.1111/j.1365-2818.2008.02125.x"
}

Rajnović, D., Erić, O.,& Šiđanin, L.. (2008). Transition temperature and fracture mode of as-castand austempered ductile iron. in Journal of Microscopy
Wiley, Hoboken., 232(3), 605-610.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2008.02125.x

Rajnović D, Erić O, Šiđanin L. Transition temperature and fracture mode of as-castand austempered ductile iron. in Journal of Microscopy. 2008;232(3):605-610.
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2818.2008.02125.x .

Rajnović, Dragan, Erić, Olivera, Šiđanin, Leposava, "Transition temperature and fracture mode of as-castand austempered ductile iron" in Journal of Microscopy, 232, no. 3 (2008):605-610,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2008.02125.x . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Erić, Olivera
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Zec, Slavica
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
PY  - 2006
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/579
AB  - An investigation has been conducted on two austempered ductile irons alloyed with Cu and Cu+Ni, austenitized at 900 degrees C and austempered at 350 degrees C. The microstructure and fracture mode developed through these treatments have been identified by means of light and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Impact energy measurements were performed on un-notched Charpy specimens. The maximum value of retained austenite volume fraction observed in the material alloyed with Cu+Ni was higher than in that alloyed with Cu austenitized and austempered under the same conditions. This led to the material alloyed with Cu+Ni having higher impact energy and substantial plastic deformation.
PB  - Elsevier Science Inc, New York
T2  - Materials Characterization
T1  - Microstructure and fracture of alloyed austempered ductile iron
EP  - 217
IS  - 4-5
SP  - 211
VL  - 57
DO  - 10.1016/j.matchar.2006.01.014
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Erić, Olivera and Rajnović, Dragan and Zec, Slavica and Šiđanin, Leposava and Jovanović, Milan T.",
year = "2006",
abstract = "An investigation has been conducted on two austempered ductile irons alloyed with Cu and Cu+Ni, austenitized at 900 degrees C and austempered at 350 degrees C. The microstructure and fracture mode developed through these treatments have been identified by means of light and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Impact energy measurements were performed on un-notched Charpy specimens. The maximum value of retained austenite volume fraction observed in the material alloyed with Cu+Ni was higher than in that alloyed with Cu austenitized and austempered under the same conditions. This led to the material alloyed with Cu+Ni having higher impact energy and substantial plastic deformation.",
publisher = "Elsevier Science Inc, New York",
journal = "Materials Characterization",
title = "Microstructure and fracture of alloyed austempered ductile iron",
pages = "217-211",
number = "4-5",
volume = "57",
doi = "10.1016/j.matchar.2006.01.014"
}

Erić, O., Rajnović, D., Zec, S., Šiđanin, L.,& Jovanović, M. T.. (2006). Microstructure and fracture of alloyed austempered ductile iron. in Materials Characterization
Elsevier Science Inc, New York., 57(4-5), 211-217.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2006.01.014

Erić O, Rajnović D, Zec S, Šiđanin L, Jovanović MT. Microstructure and fracture of alloyed austempered ductile iron. in Materials Characterization. 2006;57(4-5):211-217.
doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2006.01.014 .

Erić, Olivera, Rajnović, Dragan, Zec, Slavica, Šiđanin, Leposava, Jovanović, Milan T., "Microstructure and fracture of alloyed austempered ductile iron" in Materials Characterization, 57, no. 4-5 (2006):211-217,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2006.01.014 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Erić, Olivera
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Burzić, Zijah
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
AU  - Jovanović, M.T.
PY  - 2006
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/573
PB  - Kluwer Academic Publishers
C3  - Fracture of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures - Proceedings of the 16th European Confere
T1  - Fracture toughness of alloyed austempered ductile iron (ADI)
EP  - 1146
SP  - 1145
DO  - 10.1007/1-4020-4972-2_568
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Erić, Olivera and Rajnović, Dragan and Burzić, Zijah and Šiđanin, Leposava and Jovanović, M.T.",
year = "2006",
publisher = "Kluwer Academic Publishers",
journal = "Fracture of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures - Proceedings of the 16th European Confere",
title = "Fracture toughness of alloyed austempered ductile iron (ADI)",
pages = "1146-1145",
doi = "10.1007/1-4020-4972-2_568"
}

Erić, O., Rajnović, D., Burzić, Z., Šiđanin, L.,& Jovanović, M.T.. (2006). Fracture toughness of alloyed austempered ductile iron (ADI). in Fracture of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures - Proceedings of the 16th European Confere
Kluwer Academic Publishers., 1145-1146.
https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4972-2_568

Erić O, Rajnović D, Burzić Z, Šiđanin L, Jovanović M. Fracture toughness of alloyed austempered ductile iron (ADI). in Fracture of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures - Proceedings of the 16th European Confere. 2006;:1145-1146.
doi:10.1007/1-4020-4972-2_568 .

Erić, Olivera, Rajnović, Dragan, Burzić, Zijah, Šiđanin, Leposava, Jovanović, M.T., "Fracture toughness of alloyed austempered ductile iron (ADI)" in Fracture of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures - Proceedings of the 16th European Confere (2006):1145-1146,
https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4972-2_568 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Erić, Olivera
AU  - Jovanović, M
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Zec, Slavica
PY  - 2006
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/604
AB  - Austempered ductile iron (ADI) proved to be an excellent material as it possesses attractive properties: high strength, ductility and toughness are combined with good wear resistance and machinability. These properties can be achieved upon adequate heat treatment which yields optimum microstructure for a given chemical composition. In this paper an investigation has been conducted on ADI alloyed with 0.45%Cu and austempered in a range of times and temperatures. The microstructure and fracture mode developed throughout these treatments have been identified by means of light and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. It was shown that strength, elongation and impact energy strongly depend on amounts of bainitic ferrite and retained austenite. Based on these results an optimal processing window has been established.
PB  - Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Materials & Design
T1  - The austempering study of alloyed ductile iron
EP  - 622
IS  - 7
SP  - 617
VL  - 27
DO  - 10.1016/j.matdes.2004.11.028
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Erić, Olivera and Jovanović, M and Šiđanin, Leposava and Rajnović, Dragan and Zec, Slavica",
year = "2006",
abstract = "Austempered ductile iron (ADI) proved to be an excellent material as it possesses attractive properties: high strength, ductility and toughness are combined with good wear resistance and machinability. These properties can be achieved upon adequate heat treatment which yields optimum microstructure for a given chemical composition. In this paper an investigation has been conducted on ADI alloyed with 0.45%Cu and austempered in a range of times and temperatures. The microstructure and fracture mode developed throughout these treatments have been identified by means of light and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. It was shown that strength, elongation and impact energy strongly depend on amounts of bainitic ferrite and retained austenite. Based on these results an optimal processing window has been established.",
publisher = "Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Materials & Design",
title = "The austempering study of alloyed ductile iron",
pages = "622-617",
number = "7",
volume = "27",
doi = "10.1016/j.matdes.2004.11.028"
}

Erić, O., Jovanović, M., Šiđanin, L., Rajnović, D.,& Zec, S.. (2006). The austempering study of alloyed ductile iron. in Materials & Design
Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford., 27(7), 617-622.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2004.11.028

Erić O, Jovanović M, Šiđanin L, Rajnović D, Zec S. The austempering study of alloyed ductile iron. in Materials & Design. 2006;27(7):617-622.
doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2004.11.028 .

Erić, Olivera, Jovanović, M, Šiđanin, Leposava, Rajnović, Dragan, Zec, Slavica, "The austempering study of alloyed ductile iron" in Materials & Design, 27, no. 7 (2006):617-622,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2004.11.028 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Erić, Olivera
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
AU  - Zec, Slavica
AU  - Jovanović, M.T.
PY  - 2005
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/484
AB  - Austempered ductile iron (ADI) has proved to be an excellent material as it possesses attractive properties: high strength, ductility and toughness are combined with good wear resistance and machinability. These properties can be achieved upon adequate heat treatment which yields the optimum microstructure for a given chemical composition. In this paper the results of an investigation the austempering of ADI alloyed with 0.45 % Cu for a range of times and temperatures are reported. The microstructure and fracture mode developed throughout these treatments have been identified by means of light and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. It was shown that the strength, elongation and impact energy strongly depend on the amounts of bainitic ferrite and retained austenite. Based on these results, and optimal processing window was established.
PB  - Srpsko hemijsko društvo, Beograd
T2  - Journal of The Serbian Chemical Society
T1  - An austempering study of ductile iron alloyed with copper
EP  - 1022
IS  - 7
SP  - 1015
VL  - 70
DO  - 10.2298/JSC0507015E
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Erić, Olivera and Rajnović, Dragan and Šiđanin, Leposava and Zec, Slavica and Jovanović, M.T.",
year = "2005",
abstract = "Austempered ductile iron (ADI) has proved to be an excellent material as it possesses attractive properties: high strength, ductility and toughness are combined with good wear resistance and machinability. These properties can be achieved upon adequate heat treatment which yields the optimum microstructure for a given chemical composition. In this paper the results of an investigation the austempering of ADI alloyed with 0.45 % Cu for a range of times and temperatures are reported. The microstructure and fracture mode developed throughout these treatments have been identified by means of light and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. It was shown that the strength, elongation and impact energy strongly depend on the amounts of bainitic ferrite and retained austenite. Based on these results, and optimal processing window was established.",
publisher = "Srpsko hemijsko društvo, Beograd",
journal = "Journal of The Serbian Chemical Society",
title = "An austempering study of ductile iron alloyed with copper",
pages = "1022-1015",
number = "7",
volume = "70",
doi = "10.2298/JSC0507015E"
}

Erić, O., Rajnović, D., Šiđanin, L., Zec, S.,& Jovanović, M.T.. (2005). An austempering study of ductile iron alloyed with copper. in Journal of The Serbian Chemical Society
Srpsko hemijsko društvo, Beograd., 70(7), 1015-1022.
https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC0507015E

Erić O, Rajnović D, Šiđanin L, Zec S, Jovanović M. An austempering study of ductile iron alloyed with copper. in Journal of The Serbian Chemical Society. 2005;70(7):1015-1022.
doi:10.2298/JSC0507015E .

Erić, Olivera, Rajnović, Dragan, Šiđanin, Leposava, Zec, Slavica, Jovanović, M.T., "An austempering study of ductile iron alloyed with copper" in Journal of The Serbian Chemical Society, 70, no. 7 (2005):1015-1022,
https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC0507015E . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Erić, Olivera
AU  - Šiđanin, Leposava
AU  - Mišković, Zoran
AU  - Zec, Slavica
AU  - Jovanović, M.T.
PY  - 2004
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/465
AB  - The effect of austempering on the microstructure and toughness of nodular cast iron (designated as CuNiMoSG) alloyed with molybdenum, copper, nickel, and manganese has been studied. Light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction technique were performed for microstructural characterization, whereas impact energy test was applied for toughness measurement. Specimens were austenitised at 860 degreesC, then austempered for various times at 320 and 400 degreesC, followed by ice-water quenching. Austempering at 320 degreesC produces a microstructure consisting of a mixture of acicular bainitic ferrite and the stable carbon-enriched austenite. In this microstructure epsilon-carbides are also identified after austempering up to 5 h. Fracture mode is changed from ductile to brittle with the prolonged time of austempering at 320 degreesC. The highest impact energy (115 kJ) corresponds not only to ductile fracture, but also to the maximum value of the volume fraction of retained austenite. Only martensitic structure was observed during austempering at 400 degreesC, inducing brittle fracture and significantly low-impact energy (10-12 kJ).
PB  - Elsevier, Amsterdam
T2  - Materials Letters
T1  - Microstructure and toughness of CuNiMo austempered ductile iron
EP  - 2711
IS  - 22-23
SP  - 2707
VL  - 58
DO  - 10.1016/j.matlet.2004.02.041
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Erić, Olivera and Šiđanin, Leposava and Mišković, Zoran and Zec, Slavica and Jovanović, M.T.",
year = "2004",
abstract = "The effect of austempering on the microstructure and toughness of nodular cast iron (designated as CuNiMoSG) alloyed with molybdenum, copper, nickel, and manganese has been studied. Light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction technique were performed for microstructural characterization, whereas impact energy test was applied for toughness measurement. Specimens were austenitised at 860 degreesC, then austempered for various times at 320 and 400 degreesC, followed by ice-water quenching. Austempering at 320 degreesC produces a microstructure consisting of a mixture of acicular bainitic ferrite and the stable carbon-enriched austenite. In this microstructure epsilon-carbides are also identified after austempering up to 5 h. Fracture mode is changed from ductile to brittle with the prolonged time of austempering at 320 degreesC. The highest impact energy (115 kJ) corresponds not only to ductile fracture, but also to the maximum value of the volume fraction of retained austenite. Only martensitic structure was observed during austempering at 400 degreesC, inducing brittle fracture and significantly low-impact energy (10-12 kJ).",
publisher = "Elsevier, Amsterdam",
journal = "Materials Letters",
title = "Microstructure and toughness of CuNiMo austempered ductile iron",
pages = "2711-2707",
number = "22-23",
volume = "58",
doi = "10.1016/j.matlet.2004.02.041"
}

Erić, O., Šiđanin, L., Mišković, Z., Zec, S.,& Jovanović, M.T.. (2004). Microstructure and toughness of CuNiMo austempered ductile iron. in Materials Letters
Elsevier, Amsterdam., 58(22-23), 2707-2711.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2004.02.041

Erić O, Šiđanin L, Mišković Z, Zec S, Jovanović M. Microstructure and toughness of CuNiMo austempered ductile iron. in Materials Letters. 2004;58(22-23):2707-2711.
doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2004.02.041 .

Erić, Olivera, Šiđanin, Leposava, Mišković, Zoran, Zec, Slavica, Jovanović, M.T., "Microstructure and toughness of CuNiMo austempered ductile iron" in Materials Letters, 58, no. 22-23 (2004):2707-2711,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2004.02.041 . .