dc.description.abstract | A number of theories that describe the behavior of liquid-liquid interfaces have been
developed and applied to various dispersed systems e.g., Stokes, Reiner-Rivelin, Ericksen,
Einstein, Smoluchowski, Kinch, etc. A new theory of electroviscoelasticity describes the
behavior of electrified liquid-liquid interfaces in fine dispersed systems, and is based on a new
constitutive model of liquids. According to this model liquid-liquid droplet or droplet-film
structure (collective of particles) is considered as a macroscopic system with internal structure
determined by the way the molecules (ions) are tuned (structured) into the primary
components of a cluster configuration. How the tuning/structuring occurs depends on the
physical fields involved, both potential (elastic forces) and nonpotential (resistance forces).
Ali these microelements of the primary structure can be considered as electromechanical
oscillators assembled into groups, so that excitation by an external physical field may cause
oscillations at the resonant/characteristic frequency of the system itself (coupling at the
characteristic frequency). Up to day, there are three possible mathematical formalisms
discussed related to the theory of electroviscoelasticity. The first is tension tensor model,
where the normal and tangential forces are considered, only in mathematical formalism,
regardless to their origin (mechanical and/or electrical). The second is Van der Pol derivative
model. Finally, the third, here presented model comprise an effort to generalize the previous
Van der Pol differential equations, nonlinear; i.e. the ordinary time derivatives and integrals
are now replaced by corresponding fractional-order time derivatives and integrals. Fractional
derivatives provide an excellent instrument for the description of memory and hereditary
properties of various materials and processes. The theory of electroviscoelasticity, i.e., its
physical and mathematical formalism, using fractional calculus become more realistic and
compatible, and can be helpful in solving entrainment problems in solvent extraction and in
studies of fine dispersed systems (micro, nano and atto, suspensions, emulsions, fluosols,
foams and beams/streams of entities), the physics of liquids and biological systems. | sr |