Metafore plovidbe u srpskom i engleskom jeziku: kognitivnolingvistički pristup

Abstract

Predmet rada su lekseme u srpskom i engleskom jeziku koje označavaju pojmove vezane za plovidbu, a proširuju značenje na apstraktne pojmove. Teorijski okvir za analizu jeste kognitivnolingvistički pristup značenju, odnosno, teorija pojmovnih metafora. Na osnovu analize primera iz korpusa srpskog i engleskog jezika utvrđeno je da se lekseme koje se primarno odnose na plovidbu koriste za konceptualizaciju različitih apstraktnih domena, pre svega, države i njenih institucija, organizacija kao i raznovrsnih aspekata ljudskog života. U zaključku se diskutuju sličnosti i razlike između dva jezika u pogledu karakterističnih metaforičkih preslikavanja sa izvornim domenom plovidbe brodom.

The paper explores the set of lexemes denoting the concepts related to navigation in English and Serbian, focusing on the ramification of their meaning in denoting abstract concepts. The theoretical framework for the analysis is provided by cognitive linguistics, whose basic assumption is the grounding of concepts and language in experience, primarily in human bodily experience. Having analysed the examples from the representative corpora of Serbian and English, it is established that lexemes related to navigation are used for conceptualisation of various abstract target domains, such as the state and its institutions, different organisation types, as well as diverse aspects of human life. The prevailing conceptual metaphors found in the corpora are state is a ship, organisations are ships and life is sailing, which further branch into submetaphors, such as, for example, running the state/organisation is steering the ship or love is sailing. The analysis confirms the assumption of cognitive linguistics that presence of the domain of sailing in experience brings about its presence in the structuring of abstract conceptual domains. The concluding part discusses the similarities and differences between two languages with respect to characteristic metaphors mappings in the source domain of navigation while emphasising the need for further research in this field.