TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Bošnjak, Srđan
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4903
AB  - Continuous earthmoving machines, such as bucket-wheel excavators (BWEs), are the largest mobile terrestrial machines exposed to the working loads of a periodic character. This paper aims to launch a new idea regarding the preservation of the load-carrying structures of these machines by the means of implementing a controllable frequency-controlled drive of the excavating device. Successful implementation of this idea requires a detailed analysis of the dynamic response of the load-carrying structure in order to determine the domains of frequency of revolutions of the bucket-wheel-drive electromotor (FREM) where the dynamic response of the structure is favorable. The main goal of the presented research was the development of a unique three-step method for the identification of the FREM ranges, where the vibroactivity of the load-carrying structure is within the allowed boundaries. A methodologically original study of the dynamic response was conducted on a unique dynamic model of the BWE slewing superstructure that allows for continuous variation of the FREM, i.e., of the frequency of excitation caused by the forces resisting the excavation. Validation of the spatial reduced dynamic model of the slewing superstructure and the corresponding mathematical model, as well as the overall approach to the determination of the dynamic response, were performed by the means of vibrodiagnostics under the real exploitation conditions. Application of the developed method has yielded: (1) the resonant-free FREM domains; (2) the FREM domains, where the structure is not exposed to the excessive dynamic impacts; and (3) the frequency ratio ranges defining the resonant areas. Additionally, the results of the research have pointed out that the resonant-free state represents a necessary but insufficient condition for the proper dynamic behavior of the BWE slewing superstructure.
PB  - MDPI (Basel, Switzerland)
T2  - Mathematics
T1  - Analysis of the Dynamic Response as a Basis for the Efficient Protection of Large Structure Health Using Controllable Frequency-Controlled Drives
IS  - 1
SP  - 154
VL  - 11
DO  - doi.org/10.3390/math11010154
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gnjatović, Nebojša and Bošnjak, Srđan and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Continuous earthmoving machines, such as bucket-wheel excavators (BWEs), are the largest mobile terrestrial machines exposed to the working loads of a periodic character. This paper aims to launch a new idea regarding the preservation of the load-carrying structures of these machines by the means of implementing a controllable frequency-controlled drive of the excavating device. Successful implementation of this idea requires a detailed analysis of the dynamic response of the load-carrying structure in order to determine the domains of frequency of revolutions of the bucket-wheel-drive electromotor (FREM) where the dynamic response of the structure is favorable. The main goal of the presented research was the development of a unique three-step method for the identification of the FREM ranges, where the vibroactivity of the load-carrying structure is within the allowed boundaries. A methodologically original study of the dynamic response was conducted on a unique dynamic model of the BWE slewing superstructure that allows for continuous variation of the FREM, i.e., of the frequency of excitation caused by the forces resisting the excavation. Validation of the spatial reduced dynamic model of the slewing superstructure and the corresponding mathematical model, as well as the overall approach to the determination of the dynamic response, were performed by the means of vibrodiagnostics under the real exploitation conditions. Application of the developed method has yielded: (1) the resonant-free FREM domains; (2) the FREM domains, where the structure is not exposed to the excessive dynamic impacts; and (3) the frequency ratio ranges defining the resonant areas. Additionally, the results of the research have pointed out that the resonant-free state represents a necessary but insufficient condition for the proper dynamic behavior of the BWE slewing superstructure.",
publisher = "MDPI (Basel, Switzerland)",
journal = "Mathematics",
title = "Analysis of the Dynamic Response as a Basis for the Efficient Protection of Large Structure Health Using Controllable Frequency-Controlled Drives",
number = "1",
pages = "154",
volume = "11",
doi = "doi.org/10.3390/math11010154"
}

Gnjatović, N., Bošnjak, S.,& Stefanović, A. Z.. (2023). Analysis of the Dynamic Response as a Basis for the Efficient Protection of Large Structure Health Using Controllable Frequency-Controlled Drives. in Mathematics
MDPI (Basel, Switzerland)., 11(1), 154.
https://doi.org/doi.org/10.3390/math11010154

Gnjatović N, Bošnjak S, Stefanović AZ. Analysis of the Dynamic Response as a Basis for the Efficient Protection of Large Structure Health Using Controllable Frequency-Controlled Drives. in Mathematics. 2023;11(1):154.
doi:doi.org/10.3390/math11010154 .

Gnjatović, Nebojša, Bošnjak, Srđan, Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., "Analysis of the Dynamic Response as a Basis for the Efficient Protection of Large Structure Health Using Controllable Frequency-Controlled Drives" in Mathematics, 11, no. 1 (2023):154,
https://doi.org/doi.org/10.3390/math11010154 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Bošnjak, Srđan
AU  - Milenović, Ivan Lj.
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
AU  - Urošević, Marko
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5001
AB  - Stackers-reclaimers represent the mechanization backbone of high-capacity storages for granular materials. The paper presents the design of a gantry bucket chain stackers-reclaimer for handling of crushed gypsum, as well as the working technology, finite element strength calculation for the main substructures: the working device, the trolley and the gantry. Failureless operation of the presented stacker-reclaimer represent an indirect validation of not only the presented results, but also the entire project as well as the applied technology of manufacture and montage.
PB  - University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
C3  - Proceedings of the XXIV International Conference MHCL’22
T1  - Gantry Bucket Chain Stacker- Reclaimer for Crushed Gypsum
EP  - 60
SP  - 55
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5001
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Gnjatović, Nebojša and Bošnjak, Srđan and Milenović, Ivan Lj. and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z. and Urošević, Marko",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Stackers-reclaimers represent the mechanization backbone of high-capacity storages for granular materials. The paper presents the design of a gantry bucket chain stackers-reclaimer for handling of crushed gypsum, as well as the working technology, finite element strength calculation for the main substructures: the working device, the trolley and the gantry. Failureless operation of the presented stacker-reclaimer represent an indirect validation of not only the presented results, but also the entire project as well as the applied technology of manufacture and montage.",
publisher = "University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering",
journal = "Proceedings of the XXIV International Conference MHCL’22",
title = "Gantry Bucket Chain Stacker- Reclaimer for Crushed Gypsum",
pages = "60-55",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5001"
}

Gnjatović, N., Bošnjak, S., Milenović, I. Lj., Stefanović, A. Z.,& Urošević, M.. (2022). Gantry Bucket Chain Stacker- Reclaimer for Crushed Gypsum. in Proceedings of the XXIV International Conference MHCL’22
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering., 55-60.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5001

Gnjatović N, Bošnjak S, Milenović IL, Stefanović AZ, Urošević M. Gantry Bucket Chain Stacker- Reclaimer for Crushed Gypsum. in Proceedings of the XXIV International Conference MHCL’22. 2022;:55-60.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5001 .

Gnjatović, Nebojša, Bošnjak, Srđan, Milenović, Ivan Lj., Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., Urošević, Marko, "Gantry Bucket Chain Stacker- Reclaimer for Crushed Gypsum" in Proceedings of the XXIV International Conference MHCL’22 (2022):55-60,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5001 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Milojević, Goran
AU  - Đenadić, Stevan
AU  - Urošević, Marko
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4999
AB  - Bucket wheel excavators (BWEs) are the largest mobile terrestrial machines exposed to the working loads of a periodic character. This paper presents a small portion of the studies, conducted with the goal of proposing a new idea regarding preservation of the load-carrying
structures of these machines, based on the implementation of a controllable frequency-controlled drive of the excavating device. A detailed analysis of the dynamic response of the load-carrying structure is required in order to determine the domains of frequency of revolutions of the working device's driving motor where the dynamic response of the structure is favorable, and therefore successfully implement this idea. A methodologically-original study was conducted, using a unique dynamic model of the BWE slewing superstructure that allows for the continuous
variation of the frequency of excitation. This has yielded the resonant-free domains, i.e. the domains where the structure is not exposed to the excessive dynamic impacts.
PB  - University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
C3  - Proceedings of the XXIV International Conference MHCL’22
T1  - Analysis of the impact of the frequency-controlled bucket wheel drive on the dynamic response of the excavator superstructure
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4999
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Stefanović, Aleksandar Z. and Gnjatović, Nebojša and Milojević, Goran and Đenadić, Stevan and Urošević, Marko",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Bucket wheel excavators (BWEs) are the largest mobile terrestrial machines exposed to the working loads of a periodic character. This paper presents a small portion of the studies, conducted with the goal of proposing a new idea regarding preservation of the load-carrying
structures of these machines, based on the implementation of a controllable frequency-controlled drive of the excavating device. A detailed analysis of the dynamic response of the load-carrying structure is required in order to determine the domains of frequency of revolutions of the working device's driving motor where the dynamic response of the structure is favorable, and therefore successfully implement this idea. A methodologically-original study was conducted, using a unique dynamic model of the BWE slewing superstructure that allows for the continuous
variation of the frequency of excitation. This has yielded the resonant-free domains, i.e. the domains where the structure is not exposed to the excessive dynamic impacts.",
publisher = "University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering",
journal = "Proceedings of the XXIV International Conference MHCL’22",
title = "Analysis of the impact of the frequency-controlled bucket wheel drive on the dynamic response of the excavator superstructure",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4999"
}

Stefanović, A. Z., Gnjatović, N., Milojević, G., Đenadić, S.,& Urošević, M.. (2022). Analysis of the impact of the frequency-controlled bucket wheel drive on the dynamic response of the excavator superstructure. in Proceedings of the XXIV International Conference MHCL’22
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4999

Stefanović AZ, Gnjatović N, Milojević G, Đenadić S, Urošević M. Analysis of the impact of the frequency-controlled bucket wheel drive on the dynamic response of the excavator superstructure. in Proceedings of the XXIV International Conference MHCL’22. 2022;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4999 .

Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., Gnjatović, Nebojša, Milojević, Goran, Đenadić, Stevan, Urošević, Marko, "Analysis of the impact of the frequency-controlled bucket wheel drive on the dynamic response of the excavator superstructure" in Proceedings of the XXIV International Conference MHCL’22 (2022),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4999 .

TY  - GEN
AU  - Bošnjak, Srđan
AU  - Čolović, Vladan
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Milenović, Ivan Lj.
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5046
AB  - Одлагачи, заједно са роторним багерима , припадају класи највећих копнених самоходних машина и чине окосницу система површинске експлоатације. Поменути системи представљају једно од најзначајнијих достигнућа у рударству XX века, чији је значај упоредив са значајем који је за рударе XIX века имало откриће и примена динамита.
Основни проблем који се решава применом техничког решења јесте проблем чврстоће и еластичне стабилности носеће конструкције ослоне гусенице међутранспортера одлагача (тзв. „мали транспорт“) PA 200‐2200/2000 (произвођач SANDVIK; укупна маса 1737 t; теоријски капацитет 8800 m3/h), који је у експлоатацију уведен 2016. године. У IV БТО (Багер‐Тракасти транспортер‐Одлагач) систему Површинског копа „Поље Ц“ (РБ „Колубара“) спрегнут је са роторним багером SchRs 1400 (произвођач KRUPP), теоријског капацитета 6600 m3/h. Иако је очекивани век носеће конструкције 50 година, већ након четири године експлоатације дошло је до тешке хаварије (01.07. 2020. године) носеће конструкције ослоне гусенице међутранспортера, што је праћено делимичним ослањањем на тло пријемног транспортера, као и међутранспортера. Хаварија се десила током транспорта, односно промене локације машине.
Током хаварије, најтежа оштећења доживели су елементи структуре попречног носача у зони везе са носачем круте гусенице. Са обе стране дошло је до гужвања правоугаоних вертикалних лимова и избочавања трапезних вертикалних лимова, што је праћено и пуцањем заварених веза. Истовремено, хоризонтални горњи појасни лим у потпуности је изгубио првобитну форму. Због отказа завртањске везе носача погонског мотора, дошло је до његовог пада на тло. Осим тога, код круте гусенице уочени су и ломови гусеничних чланака. Зглобна гусеница је претрпела незнатна оштећења.
Проблем који се решава техничким решењем јесте недовољна чврстоћа и еластична стабилност структуре ослоне гусенице међутранспортера одлагача савремене концепције.
Комплексност поменутог проблема проистиче из:
•	променљивости геометријске конфигурације машине, како током радног процеса, тако и
•	током транспорта;
•	релативно великог броја комбинација парцијалних оптерећења;
•	вишеструких ограничења (просторних и технолошких, пре свега) скупа могућих решења.
Осим код одлагача PA 200‐2200/2000, развијено техничко решење успешно је примењено и за парцијалну реконструкцију структуре ослоне гусенице међутранспортера одлагача PA 200‐2400/2200 (РБ „Колубара“, Површински коп „Тамнава Западно поље“, III БТО систем) истог произвођача (SANDVIK).
О значају примене техничког решења које, посебно имајући у виду актуелно стање основне рударске механизације у ЕПС‐у, изузетно доприноси стабилизацији производње откривке као предуслова за експлоатацију угља, упечатљиво говори чињеница да је у укупној производњи електричне енергије у Србији доминантно учешће (око 70% [6,7]) електричне енергије добијене из лигнита.
PB  - University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
T2  - ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М82)
T1  - Унапређење структуре ослоне гусенице међутранспортера одлагача
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5046
ER  - 

@misc{
author = "Bošnjak, Srđan and Čolović, Vladan and Gnjatović, Nebojša and Milenović, Ivan Lj. and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Одлагачи, заједно са роторним багерима , припадају класи највећих копнених самоходних машина и чине окосницу система површинске експлоатације. Поменути системи представљају једно од најзначајнијих достигнућа у рударству XX века, чији је значај упоредив са значајем који је за рударе XIX века имало откриће и примена динамита.
Основни проблем који се решава применом техничког решења јесте проблем чврстоће и еластичне стабилности носеће конструкције ослоне гусенице међутранспортера одлагача (тзв. „мали транспорт“) PA 200‐2200/2000 (произвођач SANDVIK; укупна маса 1737 t; теоријски капацитет 8800 m3/h), који је у експлоатацију уведен 2016. године. У IV БТО (Багер‐Тракасти транспортер‐Одлагач) систему Површинског копа „Поље Ц“ (РБ „Колубара“) спрегнут је са роторним багером SchRs 1400 (произвођач KRUPP), теоријског капацитета 6600 m3/h. Иако је очекивани век носеће конструкције 50 година, већ након четири године експлоатације дошло је до тешке хаварије (01.07. 2020. године) носеће конструкције ослоне гусенице међутранспортера, што је праћено делимичним ослањањем на тло пријемног транспортера, као и међутранспортера. Хаварија се десила током транспорта, односно промене локације машине.
Током хаварије, најтежа оштећења доживели су елементи структуре попречног носача у зони везе са носачем круте гусенице. Са обе стране дошло је до гужвања правоугаоних вертикалних лимова и избочавања трапезних вертикалних лимова, што је праћено и пуцањем заварених веза. Истовремено, хоризонтални горњи појасни лим у потпуности је изгубио првобитну форму. Због отказа завртањске везе носача погонског мотора, дошло је до његовог пада на тло. Осим тога, код круте гусенице уочени су и ломови гусеничних чланака. Зглобна гусеница је претрпела незнатна оштећења.
Проблем који се решава техничким решењем јесте недовољна чврстоћа и еластична стабилност структуре ослоне гусенице међутранспортера одлагача савремене концепције.
Комплексност поменутог проблема проистиче из:
•	променљивости геометријске конфигурације машине, како током радног процеса, тако и
•	током транспорта;
•	релативно великог броја комбинација парцијалних оптерећења;
•	вишеструких ограничења (просторних и технолошких, пре свега) скупа могућих решења.
Осим код одлагача PA 200‐2200/2000, развијено техничко решење успешно је примењено и за парцијалну реконструкцију структуре ослоне гусенице међутранспортера одлагача PA 200‐2400/2200 (РБ „Колубара“, Површински коп „Тамнава Западно поље“, III БТО систем) истог произвођача (SANDVIK).
О значају примене техничког решења које, посебно имајући у виду актуелно стање основне рударске механизације у ЕПС‐у, изузетно доприноси стабилизацији производње откривке као предуслова за експлоатацију угља, упечатљиво говори чињеница да је у укупној производњи електричне енергије у Србији доминантно учешће (око 70% [6,7]) електричне енергије добијене из лигнита.",
publisher = "University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering",
journal = "ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М82)",
title = "Унапређење структуре ослоне гусенице међутранспортера одлагача",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5046"
}

Bošnjak, S., Čolović, V., Gnjatović, N., Milenović, I. Lj.,& Stefanović, A. Z.. (2022). Унапређење структуре ослоне гусенице међутранспортера одлагача. in ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М82)
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5046

Bošnjak S, Čolović V, Gnjatović N, Milenović IL, Stefanović AZ. Унапређење структуре ослоне гусенице међутранспортера одлагача. in ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М82). 2022;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5046 .

Bošnjak, Srđan, Čolović, Vladan, Gnjatović, Nebojša, Milenović, Ivan Lj., Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., "Унапређење структуре ослоне гусенице међутранспортера одлагача" in ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М82) (2022),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5046 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Bošnjak, Srđan
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
AU  - Milenović, Ivan Lj.
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4940
AB  - The design concept of temporary leaning of the gas oil storage tank bearing structure used during substitution of the worn out section of the bottom plates in the zone of the central column support is presented in the paper. On the basis of comparative analysis of the results obtained using finite element structural calculations of the designed state and the state of the central column leaning on the temporary supports, it was determined that by the implementation of the temporary support, the stress-strain state of the bearing structure, which corresponds to the designed stress-strain state of the construction, is obtained. Besides, the strength proof of the structure of temporary support including its welded joint to the central column is also presented in the paper.
PB  - SaTCIP
C3  - 20th International Conference "Research and Development in Mechanical Industry" RaDMI-2020
T1  - Temporary Leaning of the Gas Oil Storage Tank Structure During Bottom Sanation
EP  - 10
SP  - 1
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4940
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Bošnjak, Srđan and Gnjatović, Nebojša and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z. and Milenović, Ivan Lj.",
year = "2020",
abstract = "The design concept of temporary leaning of the gas oil storage tank bearing structure used during substitution of the worn out section of the bottom plates in the zone of the central column support is presented in the paper. On the basis of comparative analysis of the results obtained using finite element structural calculations of the designed state and the state of the central column leaning on the temporary supports, it was determined that by the implementation of the temporary support, the stress-strain state of the bearing structure, which corresponds to the designed stress-strain state of the construction, is obtained. Besides, the strength proof of the structure of temporary support including its welded joint to the central column is also presented in the paper.",
publisher = "SaTCIP",
journal = "20th International Conference "Research and Development in Mechanical Industry" RaDMI-2020",
title = "Temporary Leaning of the Gas Oil Storage Tank Structure During Bottom Sanation",
pages = "10-1",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4940"
}

Bošnjak, S., Gnjatović, N., Stefanović, A. Z.,& Milenović, I. Lj.. (2020). Temporary Leaning of the Gas Oil Storage Tank Structure During Bottom Sanation. in 20th International Conference "Research and Development in Mechanical Industry" RaDMI-2020
SaTCIP., 1-10.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4940

Bošnjak S, Gnjatović N, Stefanović AZ, Milenović IL. Temporary Leaning of the Gas Oil Storage Tank Structure During Bottom Sanation. in 20th International Conference "Research and Development in Mechanical Industry" RaDMI-2020. 2020;:1-10.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4940 .

Bošnjak, Srđan, Gnjatović, Nebojša, Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., Milenović, Ivan Lj., "Temporary Leaning of the Gas Oil Storage Tank Structure During Bottom Sanation" in 20th International Conference "Research and Development in Mechanical Industry" RaDMI-2020 (2020):1-10,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4940 .

TY  - GEN
AU  - Bošnjak, Srđan
AU  - Pantelić, Milorad
AU  - Misita, Mirjana
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5042
AB  - Последице отказа свих висококапацитетних машина јесу врло велики финансијски губици и озбиљни ризици по сигурност и здравље. Када је реч о багерским јединицама, финансијски губици изазвани застојем производње због отказа основне машине у систему површинске експлоатације, односно складиштења и отпреме угља, најчешће знатно превазилазе финансијске губитке изазване директном материјалном штетом, зависно од њиховог капацитета и врсте материјала који се откопава (угаљ или јаловина) [1‐5]. О величини негативних економских ефеката изазваних отказима/хаваријама упечатљиво говори податак да у САД и Европској унији укупни трошак изазван отказима машина и система износи приближно 4% од БНП [6].
Примена техничког решења омогућава решавање следећих проблема:
•	подизање нивоа одржавања, ефективности, поузданости и сигурности роторних багера, односно БТО/Д/У система;
•	подизање нивоа економичности експлоатације БТО/Д/У система; чиме се вишетрукуко смањују ризици током експлоатације и одржавања багерских јединица.
Осим тога, применом техничког решења стварају се основе за:
•	управљање поузданошћу и сигурношћу БТО/Д/У система;
•	испуњавање критеријума ригорозне регулативе везане за заштиту животне средине и сигурност руковалаца и одржавалаца.
На значај примене техничког решења у термоенергетици Србије упућују следећечињенице:
•	највећи произвођачи елекричне енергије у Србији су термоелектране. Према [7], 2014. године 65,1% електричне енергије у Србији произведено је из лигнита, док је у 2015. години 70,3 % електричне енергије добијено из поменутог извора;
•	РБ „Колубара“ даје ≈75% производње лигнита у Србији [7];
•	у цени електричне енергије угаљ учествује са ≈60%;
•	одржавање механизације на површинским коповима учествује са 35‐40% у цени угља;
•	у односу на пројектовани номинални век (35‐40 година), просечне старости машина (31,6 год. багера за континуални ископ, 31,1 год. одлагача и самоходних транспортера) и њихових капацитета (28,3 год. багера за континуални ископ, 27,2 год. одлагача и самоходних транспортера) у РБ „Колубара“, врло су високе;
•	сат застоја БТО/Д/У у РБ „Колубара“ нормира се као индиректна материјална штета у износу од 5000‐15000 €, зависно од капацитета машине, односно материјала који се откопава/транспортује.
PB  - University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
T2  - ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М82)
T1  - Минимизација ризика у експлоатацији и одржавању роторних багера
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5042
ER  - 

@misc{
author = "Bošnjak, Srđan and Pantelić, Milorad and Misita, Mirjana and Gnjatović, Nebojša and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Последице отказа свих висококапацитетних машина јесу врло велики финансијски губици и озбиљни ризици по сигурност и здравље. Када је реч о багерским јединицама, финансијски губици изазвани застојем производње због отказа основне машине у систему површинске експлоатације, односно складиштења и отпреме угља, најчешће знатно превазилазе финансијске губитке изазване директном материјалном штетом, зависно од њиховог капацитета и врсте материјала који се откопава (угаљ или јаловина) [1‐5]. О величини негативних економских ефеката изазваних отказима/хаваријама упечатљиво говори податак да у САД и Европској унији укупни трошак изазван отказима машина и система износи приближно 4% од БНП [6].
Примена техничког решења омогућава решавање следећих проблема:
•	подизање нивоа одржавања, ефективности, поузданости и сигурности роторних багера, односно БТО/Д/У система;
•	подизање нивоа економичности експлоатације БТО/Д/У система; чиме се вишетрукуко смањују ризици током експлоатације и одржавања багерских јединица.
Осим тога, применом техничког решења стварају се основе за:
•	управљање поузданошћу и сигурношћу БТО/Д/У система;
•	испуњавање критеријума ригорозне регулативе везане за заштиту животне средине и сигурност руковалаца и одржавалаца.
На значај примене техничког решења у термоенергетици Србије упућују следећечињенице:
•	највећи произвођачи елекричне енергије у Србији су термоелектране. Према [7], 2014. године 65,1% електричне енергије у Србији произведено је из лигнита, док је у 2015. години 70,3 % електричне енергије добијено из поменутог извора;
•	РБ „Колубара“ даје ≈75% производње лигнита у Србији [7];
•	у цени електричне енергије угаљ учествује са ≈60%;
•	одржавање механизације на површинским коповима учествује са 35‐40% у цени угља;
•	у односу на пројектовани номинални век (35‐40 година), просечне старости машина (31,6 год. багера за континуални ископ, 31,1 год. одлагача и самоходних транспортера) и њихових капацитета (28,3 год. багера за континуални ископ, 27,2 год. одлагача и самоходних транспортера) у РБ „Колубара“, врло су високе;
•	сат застоја БТО/Д/У у РБ „Колубара“ нормира се као индиректна материјална штета у износу од 5000‐15000 €, зависно од капацитета машине, односно материјала који се откопава/транспортује.",
publisher = "University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering",
journal = "ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М82)",
title = "Минимизација ризика у експлоатацији и одржавању роторних багера",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5042"
}

Bošnjak, S., Pantelić, M., Misita, M., Gnjatović, N.,& Stefanović, A. Z.. (2020). Минимизација ризика у експлоатацији и одржавању роторних багера. in ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М82)
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5042

Bošnjak S, Pantelić M, Misita M, Gnjatović N, Stefanović AZ. Минимизација ризика у експлоатацији и одржавању роторних багера. in ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М82). 2020;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5042 .

Bošnjak, Srđan, Pantelić, Milorad, Misita, Mirjana, Gnjatović, Nebojša, Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., "Минимизација ризика у експлоатацији и одржавању роторних багера" in ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М82) (2020),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5042 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pantelić, Milorad P.
AU  - Bošnjak, Srđan
AU  - Misita, Mirjana
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3285
AB  - Surface mining systems (SMSs) are among the most significant 20th century achievements in mining industry, whose significance to miners is comparable to the invention of dynamite in the 19th century. However, problems of SMS risk assessment are very scarce in relevant literature. For this reason, this paper aims to establish a consistent risk quantification approach for bucket wheel excavators (BWEs), the backbones of these systems. Based on the original structural scheme of a BWE, the risk parameters assessing criteria stemming from multidecadal experience and the database of recorded standstills (in the considered case, one hour of SMS downtime generates indirect financial losses of approximate to 15000(sic)), a study was conducted applying the Service FMECA technique to the BWE SRs2000 (one of the best-selling models from "Takraf"), with the following conclusions: (a) the material conveying subsystem is the highest contributor in the total number of mechanical and electrical failures, as well as in total downtime; (b) during the monitoring period, there were no extreme risk level failures. Besides, corrective actions for reducing risk levels of the most critical mechanical and electrical failure modes are given in the paper. The presented approach for risk quantification for a BWE can be successfully applied to other SMS subsystems, notably spreaders.
PB  - Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Engineering Failure Analysis
T1  - Service FMECA of a bucket wheel excavator
VL  - 108
DO  - 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.104289
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Pantelić, Milorad P. and Bošnjak, Srđan and Misita, Mirjana and Gnjatović, Nebojša and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Surface mining systems (SMSs) are among the most significant 20th century achievements in mining industry, whose significance to miners is comparable to the invention of dynamite in the 19th century. However, problems of SMS risk assessment are very scarce in relevant literature. For this reason, this paper aims to establish a consistent risk quantification approach for bucket wheel excavators (BWEs), the backbones of these systems. Based on the original structural scheme of a BWE, the risk parameters assessing criteria stemming from multidecadal experience and the database of recorded standstills (in the considered case, one hour of SMS downtime generates indirect financial losses of approximate to 15000(sic)), a study was conducted applying the Service FMECA technique to the BWE SRs2000 (one of the best-selling models from "Takraf"), with the following conclusions: (a) the material conveying subsystem is the highest contributor in the total number of mechanical and electrical failures, as well as in total downtime; (b) during the monitoring period, there were no extreme risk level failures. Besides, corrective actions for reducing risk levels of the most critical mechanical and electrical failure modes are given in the paper. The presented approach for risk quantification for a BWE can be successfully applied to other SMS subsystems, notably spreaders.",
publisher = "Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Engineering Failure Analysis",
title = "Service FMECA of a bucket wheel excavator",
volume = "108",
doi = "10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.104289"
}

Pantelić, M. P., Bošnjak, S., Misita, M., Gnjatović, N.,& Stefanović, A. Z.. (2020). Service FMECA of a bucket wheel excavator. in Engineering Failure Analysis
Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford., 108.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.104289

Pantelić MP, Bošnjak S, Misita M, Gnjatović N, Stefanović AZ. Service FMECA of a bucket wheel excavator. in Engineering Failure Analysis. 2020;108.
doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.104289 .

Pantelić, Milorad P., Bošnjak, Srđan, Misita, Mirjana, Gnjatović, Nebojša, Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., "Service FMECA of a bucket wheel excavator" in Engineering Failure Analysis, 108 (2020),
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.104289 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Bošnjak, Srđan
AU  - Milenović, Ivan Lj.
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3337
AB  - An original method for validation of the number of buckets on the working device of a bucket wheel excavator based on the dynamic response of its slewing superstructure (SS) is presented. A set of 16 seemingly acceptable solutions which satisfied the rigid design restrictions, based on the preservation of the existing (a) bucket wheel drivetrain, (b) theoretical capacity, (c) characteristics of the excavated soil and (d) position of the superstructure centre of gravity (CoG), was analysed. Already on the basis of the limiting vertical and lateral accelerations of the bucket wheel centre, which represents a well-grounded indicator of its dynamic behaviour prescribed by the code DIN 22261-2, 14 out of 16 analysed design variants have been discarded, reducing the set of possible solutions to only two - the originally-designed variant (with 17 buckets), and the variant with 20 buckets. Conclusions on the validity of these two design variants were derived on the basis of the dynamic response analysis of the referent points of the SS. The analysis of the impact of soiling on the dynamic response of the SS has shown that negative dynamic effects, observed in the preceding analysis of the originally-designed solution, increase with the amount of the adhered material. Although the redesigned variant with 20 buckets has proven as the only suitable solution from the standpoint of dynamic behaviour of the SS, the results have to be assessed carefully due to the fact that the reduction of the mass of the bucket wheel steel structure by more than 14% leads to the appearance of unfavourable dynamic effects, even though the SS CoG position is preserved.
PB  - Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Engineering Structures
T1  - Bucket wheel excavators: Dynamic response as a criterion for validation of the total number of buckets
VL  - 225
DO  - 10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111313
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gnjatović, Nebojša and Bošnjak, Srđan and Milenović, Ivan Lj. and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.",
year = "2020",
abstract = "An original method for validation of the number of buckets on the working device of a bucket wheel excavator based on the dynamic response of its slewing superstructure (SS) is presented. A set of 16 seemingly acceptable solutions which satisfied the rigid design restrictions, based on the preservation of the existing (a) bucket wheel drivetrain, (b) theoretical capacity, (c) characteristics of the excavated soil and (d) position of the superstructure centre of gravity (CoG), was analysed. Already on the basis of the limiting vertical and lateral accelerations of the bucket wheel centre, which represents a well-grounded indicator of its dynamic behaviour prescribed by the code DIN 22261-2, 14 out of 16 analysed design variants have been discarded, reducing the set of possible solutions to only two - the originally-designed variant (with 17 buckets), and the variant with 20 buckets. Conclusions on the validity of these two design variants were derived on the basis of the dynamic response analysis of the referent points of the SS. The analysis of the impact of soiling on the dynamic response of the SS has shown that negative dynamic effects, observed in the preceding analysis of the originally-designed solution, increase with the amount of the adhered material. Although the redesigned variant with 20 buckets has proven as the only suitable solution from the standpoint of dynamic behaviour of the SS, the results have to be assessed carefully due to the fact that the reduction of the mass of the bucket wheel steel structure by more than 14% leads to the appearance of unfavourable dynamic effects, even though the SS CoG position is preserved.",
publisher = "Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Engineering Structures",
title = "Bucket wheel excavators: Dynamic response as a criterion for validation of the total number of buckets",
volume = "225",
doi = "10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111313"
}

Gnjatović, N., Bošnjak, S., Milenović, I. Lj.,& Stefanović, A. Z.. (2020). Bucket wheel excavators: Dynamic response as a criterion for validation of the total number of buckets. in Engineering Structures
Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford., 225.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111313

Gnjatović N, Bošnjak S, Milenović IL, Stefanović AZ. Bucket wheel excavators: Dynamic response as a criterion for validation of the total number of buckets. in Engineering Structures. 2020;225.
doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111313 .

Gnjatović, Nebojša, Bošnjak, Srđan, Milenović, Ivan Lj., Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., "Bucket wheel excavators: Dynamic response as a criterion for validation of the total number of buckets" in Engineering Structures, 225 (2020),
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111313 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Bošnjak, Srđan
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Milenović, Ivan Lj.
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
AU  - Urošević, Marko
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4936
AB  - A bucket wheel with drive represents a vital subsystem of any bucket wheel excavator. A multidecadal experience in the exploitation and maintenance of bucket wheel excavators SRs 2000 has imposed a need for modernization and unification of the excavating devices of four of such machines, used for the excavation of overburden in Serbian open pit mines. This paper presents a portion of the research dedicated to the problems of strength and dynamic properties of the bucket wheel boom, static stability of the superstructure as well as installation of the unified design solution for the bucket wheel drive of the bucket wheel excavator SRs 2000. By
installing a modernized design solution of the bucket wheel with drive, i.e. by the means of partial revitalization of the bucket wheel excavator, its exploitational life span is prolonged and, additionally, the level of reliability and availability of the overburden systems is increased, and a
significant reduction in maintenance expenses is achieved.
PB  - University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
C3  - Proceedings of the XXIII International Conference MHCL’19
T1  - Modernization and unification of the excavating devices of bucket wheel excavators SRs 2000 deployed in Serbian open pit mines
EP  - 182
SP  - 175
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4936
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Bošnjak, Srđan and Gnjatović, Nebojša and Milenović, Ivan Lj. and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z. and Urošević, Marko",
year = "2019",
abstract = "A bucket wheel with drive represents a vital subsystem of any bucket wheel excavator. A multidecadal experience in the exploitation and maintenance of bucket wheel excavators SRs 2000 has imposed a need for modernization and unification of the excavating devices of four of such machines, used for the excavation of overburden in Serbian open pit mines. This paper presents a portion of the research dedicated to the problems of strength and dynamic properties of the bucket wheel boom, static stability of the superstructure as well as installation of the unified design solution for the bucket wheel drive of the bucket wheel excavator SRs 2000. By
installing a modernized design solution of the bucket wheel with drive, i.e. by the means of partial revitalization of the bucket wheel excavator, its exploitational life span is prolonged and, additionally, the level of reliability and availability of the overburden systems is increased, and a
significant reduction in maintenance expenses is achieved.",
publisher = "University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering",
journal = "Proceedings of the XXIII International Conference MHCL’19",
title = "Modernization and unification of the excavating devices of bucket wheel excavators SRs 2000 deployed in Serbian open pit mines",
pages = "182-175",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4936"
}

Bošnjak, S., Gnjatović, N., Milenović, I. Lj., Stefanović, A. Z.,& Urošević, M.. (2019). Modernization and unification of the excavating devices of bucket wheel excavators SRs 2000 deployed in Serbian open pit mines. in Proceedings of the XXIII International Conference MHCL’19
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering., 175-182.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4936

Bošnjak S, Gnjatović N, Milenović IL, Stefanović AZ, Urošević M. Modernization and unification of the excavating devices of bucket wheel excavators SRs 2000 deployed in Serbian open pit mines. in Proceedings of the XXIII International Conference MHCL’19. 2019;:175-182.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4936 .

Bošnjak, Srđan, Gnjatović, Nebojša, Milenović, Ivan Lj., Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., Urošević, Marko, "Modernization and unification of the excavating devices of bucket wheel excavators SRs 2000 deployed in Serbian open pit mines" in Proceedings of the XXIII International Conference MHCL’19 (2019):175-182,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4936 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Bošnjak, Srđan
AU  - Milenović, Ivan Lj.
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4934
AB  - The method for validation of the number of buckets on the working device of a bucket wheel excavator from the aspect of dynamic behaviour of the system, partially presented in this paper, was developed on the basis of the original spatial reduced dynamic model of the bucket wheel excavator with two masts, which enables modal analysis and analysis of the dynamic
response of the system for continuous variation of constructional parameters and parameters of excitation. The set of 16 seemingly acceptable solutions, all of which satisfied the rigid design restrictions which were: (a) use of the same bucket wheel drivetrain, (b) preservation of the theoretical capacity, (c) possibility of the excavation of soil of the fourth category and (d) preservation of the superstructure centre of gravity position, was analyzed. On the basis of limiting vertical and lateral accelerations, derived from dynamic coefficients prescribed by the code DIN 22261-2, of the bucket wheel centre, which for a proper geometrically-designed bucket wheel excavator structure represents a well grounded indicator of its dynamic behaviour, 14 out of 16 analyzed solutions were discarded, yielding the set of possible solutions to only 2, the originally designed one (with 17 buckets) and the solution with 20 buckets installed on the bucket wheel.
PB  - University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
C3  - Proceedings of the XXIII International Conference MHCL’19
T1  - Validation of the number of buckets on the working device of a bucket wheel
EP  - 196
SP  - 187
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4934
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Gnjatović, Nebojša and Bošnjak, Srđan and Milenović, Ivan Lj. and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.",
year = "2019",
abstract = "The method for validation of the number of buckets on the working device of a bucket wheel excavator from the aspect of dynamic behaviour of the system, partially presented in this paper, was developed on the basis of the original spatial reduced dynamic model of the bucket wheel excavator with two masts, which enables modal analysis and analysis of the dynamic
response of the system for continuous variation of constructional parameters and parameters of excitation. The set of 16 seemingly acceptable solutions, all of which satisfied the rigid design restrictions which were: (a) use of the same bucket wheel drivetrain, (b) preservation of the theoretical capacity, (c) possibility of the excavation of soil of the fourth category and (d) preservation of the superstructure centre of gravity position, was analyzed. On the basis of limiting vertical and lateral accelerations, derived from dynamic coefficients prescribed by the code DIN 22261-2, of the bucket wheel centre, which for a proper geometrically-designed bucket wheel excavator structure represents a well grounded indicator of its dynamic behaviour, 14 out of 16 analyzed solutions were discarded, yielding the set of possible solutions to only 2, the originally designed one (with 17 buckets) and the solution with 20 buckets installed on the bucket wheel.",
publisher = "University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering",
journal = "Proceedings of the XXIII International Conference MHCL’19",
title = "Validation of the number of buckets on the working device of a bucket wheel",
pages = "196-187",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4934"
}

Gnjatović, N., Bošnjak, S., Milenović, I. Lj.,& Stefanović, A. Z.. (2019). Validation of the number of buckets on the working device of a bucket wheel. in Proceedings of the XXIII International Conference MHCL’19
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering., 187-196.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4934

Gnjatović N, Bošnjak S, Milenović IL, Stefanović AZ. Validation of the number of buckets on the working device of a bucket wheel. in Proceedings of the XXIII International Conference MHCL’19. 2019;:187-196.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4934 .

Gnjatović, Nebojša, Bošnjak, Srđan, Milenović, Ivan Lj., Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., "Validation of the number of buckets on the working device of a bucket wheel" in Proceedings of the XXIII International Conference MHCL’19 (2019):187-196,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4934 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Bošnjak, Srđan
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
PY  - 2018
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2819
AB  - Sensitivity analysis of the dynamic response of both the designed and the actual models of a slewing superstructure with two masts to the variation of the counterweight mass and the degree of accuracy of the approximation polynomials of the digging resistance was conducted in the paper. Spatial reduced dynamic models of the bucket wheel excavator SchRs 1600 were used as a basis for the presented investigations. Based on the comparative analysis of the calculation results, the following conclusions were drawn: (a) mass of the counterweight has a significantly higher influence on the maximum intensities of accelerations of the referent points than on the spectrum of natural frequencies, (b) the accuracy of approximations of the digging resistance and the maximum values of accelerations differ by an order of magnitude, for the approximation trigonometric polynomial of the same number of harmonics.
PB  - Polska Akad Nauk, Polish Acad Sciences, Warszawa
T2  - Archives of Mining Sciences
T1  - The dependency of the dynamic response of a two mast bucket wheel excavator superstructure on the counterweight mass and the degree of fourier approximation of the digging resistance
EP  - 509
IS  - 2
SP  - 491
VL  - 63
DO  - 10.24425/122909
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gnjatović, Nebojša and Bošnjak, Srđan and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Sensitivity analysis of the dynamic response of both the designed and the actual models of a slewing superstructure with two masts to the variation of the counterweight mass and the degree of accuracy of the approximation polynomials of the digging resistance was conducted in the paper. Spatial reduced dynamic models of the bucket wheel excavator SchRs 1600 were used as a basis for the presented investigations. Based on the comparative analysis of the calculation results, the following conclusions were drawn: (a) mass of the counterweight has a significantly higher influence on the maximum intensities of accelerations of the referent points than on the spectrum of natural frequencies, (b) the accuracy of approximations of the digging resistance and the maximum values of accelerations differ by an order of magnitude, for the approximation trigonometric polynomial of the same number of harmonics.",
publisher = "Polska Akad Nauk, Polish Acad Sciences, Warszawa",
journal = "Archives of Mining Sciences",
title = "The dependency of the dynamic response of a two mast bucket wheel excavator superstructure on the counterweight mass and the degree of fourier approximation of the digging resistance",
pages = "509-491",
number = "2",
volume = "63",
doi = "10.24425/122909"
}

Gnjatović, N., Bošnjak, S.,& Stefanović, A. Z.. (2018). The dependency of the dynamic response of a two mast bucket wheel excavator superstructure on the counterweight mass and the degree of fourier approximation of the digging resistance. in Archives of Mining Sciences
Polska Akad Nauk, Polish Acad Sciences, Warszawa., 63(2), 491-509.
https://doi.org/10.24425/122909

Gnjatović N, Bošnjak S, Stefanović AZ. The dependency of the dynamic response of a two mast bucket wheel excavator superstructure on the counterweight mass and the degree of fourier approximation of the digging resistance. in Archives of Mining Sciences. 2018;63(2):491-509.
doi:10.24425/122909 .

Gnjatović, Nebojša, Bošnjak, Srđan, Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., "The dependency of the dynamic response of a two mast bucket wheel excavator superstructure on the counterweight mass and the degree of fourier approximation of the digging resistance" in Archives of Mining Sciences, 63, no. 2 (2018):491-509,
https://doi.org/10.24425/122909 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Pantelić, Milorad
AU  - Milenović, Ivan Lj.
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
AU  - Bošnjak, Srđan
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4930
AB  - Bucket wheel excavators (BWEs) are a backbone of any power industry that heavily relies on surface exploitation. As such, any failure, breakdown or collapse of the machine or its subsystems poses a serious drawback in the efficiency of an entire mining system, and is strongly reflected on costs in labour, finances, material and downtime, and is also a potential risk to the safety of workers. This, combined with lengthy lifetime of the machines operating in open cast mines of Serbia (measured in decades), places immense value on the avoidance of potentially hazardous problems during all stages of their lifespan, namely the design, manufacture and exploitation phases. Over the past decades, demand for the ever-increasing capacity and efficiency of BWEs has led to failures which may indicate a need for the reassessment of the calculation methods and guides. This paper presents few such cases, along with the discussion about causes, and suggests an approach to dynamic behaviour analysis based on reduced spatial dynamic models of BWEs which enable modal analysis and the analysis of a dynamic response for continuous variation of constructional parameters.
PB  - Beograd : INSTITUT ZA ISTRAŽIVANJA I PROJEKTOVANJA U PRIVREDI
C3  - Proceedings of the 42nd International scientific conference Maintenance of Machinery and Equipment (OMO 2017)
T1  - Approaches in forensic engineering of excavating units operating on open pit mines of Serbia
EP  - 158
SP  - 148
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4930
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Gnjatović, Nebojša and Pantelić, Milorad and Milenović, Ivan Lj. and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z. and Bošnjak, Srđan",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Bucket wheel excavators (BWEs) are a backbone of any power industry that heavily relies on surface exploitation. As such, any failure, breakdown or collapse of the machine or its subsystems poses a serious drawback in the efficiency of an entire mining system, and is strongly reflected on costs in labour, finances, material and downtime, and is also a potential risk to the safety of workers. This, combined with lengthy lifetime of the machines operating in open cast mines of Serbia (measured in decades), places immense value on the avoidance of potentially hazardous problems during all stages of their lifespan, namely the design, manufacture and exploitation phases. Over the past decades, demand for the ever-increasing capacity and efficiency of BWEs has led to failures which may indicate a need for the reassessment of the calculation methods and guides. This paper presents few such cases, along with the discussion about causes, and suggests an approach to dynamic behaviour analysis based on reduced spatial dynamic models of BWEs which enable modal analysis and the analysis of a dynamic response for continuous variation of constructional parameters.",
publisher = "Beograd : INSTITUT ZA ISTRAŽIVANJA I PROJEKTOVANJA U PRIVREDI",
journal = "Proceedings of the 42nd International scientific conference Maintenance of Machinery and Equipment (OMO 2017)",
title = "Approaches in forensic engineering of excavating units operating on open pit mines of Serbia",
pages = "158-148",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4930"
}

Gnjatović, N., Pantelić, M., Milenović, I. Lj., Stefanović, A. Z.,& Bošnjak, S.. (2017). Approaches in forensic engineering of excavating units operating on open pit mines of Serbia. in Proceedings of the 42nd International scientific conference Maintenance of Machinery and Equipment (OMO 2017)
Beograd : INSTITUT ZA ISTRAŽIVANJA I PROJEKTOVANJA U PRIVREDI., 148-158.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4930

Gnjatović N, Pantelić M, Milenović IL, Stefanović AZ, Bošnjak S. Approaches in forensic engineering of excavating units operating on open pit mines of Serbia. in Proceedings of the 42nd International scientific conference Maintenance of Machinery and Equipment (OMO 2017). 2017;:148-158.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4930 .

Gnjatović, Nebojša, Pantelić, Milorad, Milenović, Ivan Lj., Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., Bošnjak, Srđan, "Approaches in forensic engineering of excavating units operating on open pit mines of Serbia" in Proceedings of the 42nd International scientific conference Maintenance of Machinery and Equipment (OMO 2017) (2017):148-158,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4930 .

TY  - GEN
AU  - Bošnjak, Srđan
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Petković, Zoran D.
AU  - Milojević, Goran
AU  - Milenović, Ivan Lj.
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5045
AB  - Сопствена тежина подсистема стреле ротора доминантно утиче на интензитет силе у ужету механизма за промену угла нагиба стреле ротора [1]. Осим тога, положај тежишта обртне горње градње значајно утиче на дистрибуцију оптерећења унутар радиаксијалног лежаја којим се обртна горња градња ослања на доњу градњу, а тиме и на његов век [4,5]. На основу изложених чињеница закључује се да прецизна идентификација основних параметара статичке стабилности (ОПСС: тежина и положај тежишта) омогућава: (1) поуздано подешавање граничних вредности сила у ужадима механизма за промену угла нагиба стреле ротора, које представљају основну заштиту од губитка статичке стабилности обртне горње градње; (2) идентификацију оптерећења кука‐хватаљки, које спречавају губитак статичке стабилности у екстремним случајевима оптерећења; (3) одређивање неравномерности оптерећења котрљајних тела радиаксијалног лежаја за ослањање обртне горње градње.
Основне експлоатационе карактеристике, поузданост и безбедност роторних багера доминантно одређују параметри горње градње. Они се могу сврстати у три основне групе: (1) параметри који одређују статичку стабилност горње градње; (2) параметри који одређују чврстоћу горње градње; (3) параметри који одређују динамичко понашање горње градње. Заједнички именитељ свих наведених параметара јесте маса горње градње односно, њена дистрибуција по структури. Зато се одређивању ОПСС, мора посветити посебна пажња у свим фазама пројектовања роторног багера. Чак и код светски реномираних произвођача роторних багера јављају се знатне разлике поменутих параметара горње градње током развоја пројекта, што је најчешће последица накнадних захтева купца, или немогућности набавке пројектом предвиђених компоненти. Управо због тога, након завршетка монтаже машине обавезно се врши експериментално одређивање тежине горње градње и положаја њеног тежишта [7‐10] са циљем да се изврши валидација пројектованих ОПСС [11,12]. Према цитираној литератури, поступак валидације изводи се упоређивањем пројектоване и измерене тежине горње градње. Уколико је разлика измерене и пројектоване тежине већа од 5%, онда се захтева понављање и прорачуна и вагања. О упоређивању положаја тежишта, одређеног аналитички и експериментом, у цитираној литератури нема ни помена. С обзиром на чињеницу да се у литератури [2‐12], као ни у [13‐16], дакле у целокупној литератури и техничкој регулативи која је била доступна ауторима, нигде не наводи могућност спрезања резултата добијених аналитички и експериментом, техничким решењем постављен је оригинални метод формирања аналитичког модела обртне горње градње потпуно усаглашеног са изведеним стањем утврђеним експериментом.
Суштину техничког решења и његову примену код роторног багера SchRs 1600 аутори су
публиковали у часопису Journal of Zhejiang University ‐ SCIENCE A (категорија М22) као рад под називом „Basic parameters of the static stability, loads and strength of the vital parts of the bucket wheel excavator’s slewing superstructure“ (https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A1500037), Прилог 3. Поменути рад представља први рад из области идентификације и оцене основних параметара статичке стабилности роторних багера објављен у часопису са SCI листе, што сведочи о научном потенцијалу техничког решења.
PB  - University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
T2  - ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М83)
T1  - Примена 3Д модела за аналитичко‐експериментално одређивање параметара статичке стабилности и спољашњег оптерећења роторног багера
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5045
ER  - 

@misc{
author = "Bošnjak, Srđan and Gnjatović, Nebojša and Petković, Zoran D. and Milojević, Goran and Milenović, Ivan Lj. and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Сопствена тежина подсистема стреле ротора доминантно утиче на интензитет силе у ужету механизма за промену угла нагиба стреле ротора [1]. Осим тога, положај тежишта обртне горње градње значајно утиче на дистрибуцију оптерећења унутар радиаксијалног лежаја којим се обртна горња градња ослања на доњу градњу, а тиме и на његов век [4,5]. На основу изложених чињеница закључује се да прецизна идентификација основних параметара статичке стабилности (ОПСС: тежина и положај тежишта) омогућава: (1) поуздано подешавање граничних вредности сила у ужадима механизма за промену угла нагиба стреле ротора, које представљају основну заштиту од губитка статичке стабилности обртне горње градње; (2) идентификацију оптерећења кука‐хватаљки, које спречавају губитак статичке стабилности у екстремним случајевима оптерећења; (3) одређивање неравномерности оптерећења котрљајних тела радиаксијалног лежаја за ослањање обртне горње градње.
Основне експлоатационе карактеристике, поузданост и безбедност роторних багера доминантно одређују параметри горње градње. Они се могу сврстати у три основне групе: (1) параметри који одређују статичку стабилност горње градње; (2) параметри који одређују чврстоћу горње градње; (3) параметри који одређују динамичко понашање горње градње. Заједнички именитељ свих наведених параметара јесте маса горње градње односно, њена дистрибуција по структури. Зато се одређивању ОПСС, мора посветити посебна пажња у свим фазама пројектовања роторног багера. Чак и код светски реномираних произвођача роторних багера јављају се знатне разлике поменутих параметара горње градње током развоја пројекта, што је најчешће последица накнадних захтева купца, или немогућности набавке пројектом предвиђених компоненти. Управо због тога, након завршетка монтаже машине обавезно се врши експериментално одређивање тежине горње градње и положаја њеног тежишта [7‐10] са циљем да се изврши валидација пројектованих ОПСС [11,12]. Према цитираној литератури, поступак валидације изводи се упоређивањем пројектоване и измерене тежине горње градње. Уколико је разлика измерене и пројектоване тежине већа од 5%, онда се захтева понављање и прорачуна и вагања. О упоређивању положаја тежишта, одређеног аналитички и експериментом, у цитираној литератури нема ни помена. С обзиром на чињеницу да се у литератури [2‐12], као ни у [13‐16], дакле у целокупној литератури и техничкој регулативи која је била доступна ауторима, нигде не наводи могућност спрезања резултата добијених аналитички и експериментом, техничким решењем постављен је оригинални метод формирања аналитичког модела обртне горње градње потпуно усаглашеног са изведеним стањем утврђеним експериментом.
Суштину техничког решења и његову примену код роторног багера SchRs 1600 аутори су
публиковали у часопису Journal of Zhejiang University ‐ SCIENCE A (категорија М22) као рад под називом „Basic parameters of the static stability, loads and strength of the vital parts of the bucket wheel excavator’s slewing superstructure“ (https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A1500037), Прилог 3. Поменути рад представља први рад из области идентификације и оцене основних параметара статичке стабилности роторних багера објављен у часопису са SCI листе, што сведочи о научном потенцијалу техничког решења.",
publisher = "University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering",
journal = "ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М83)",
title = "Примена 3Д модела за аналитичко‐експериментално одређивање параметара статичке стабилности и спољашњег оптерећења роторног багера",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5045"
}

Bošnjak, S., Gnjatović, N., Petković, Z. D., Milojević, G., Milenović, I. Lj.,& Stefanović, A. Z.. (2017). Примена 3Д модела за аналитичко‐експериментално одређивање параметара статичке стабилности и спољашњег оптерећења роторног багера. in ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М83)
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5045

Bošnjak S, Gnjatović N, Petković ZD, Milojević G, Milenović IL, Stefanović AZ. Примена 3Д модела за аналитичко‐експериментално одређивање параметара статичке стабилности и спољашњег оптерећења роторног багера. in ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М83). 2017;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5045 .

Bošnjak, Srđan, Gnjatović, Nebojša, Petković, Zoran D., Milojević, Goran, Milenović, Ivan Lj., Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., "Примена 3Д модела за аналитичко‐експериментално одређивање параметара статичке стабилности и спољашњег оптерећења роторног багера" in ТЕХНИЧКО РЕШЕЊЕ (КАТЕГОРИЈА М83) (2017),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_5045 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Petković, Zoran D.
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Milenović, Ivan Lj.
AU  - Milojević, Goran
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4922
AB  - Mounting and dismantling of large-scale mechanical systems is a complex engineering challenge due to several factors, such as structural diversity and size of handled structures, limited 
maneuvering options, and absence of related literature, to name the few, all of which make each problem unique. Numerous disasters throughout the history created a need for a safe approach to the problem of executing such procedures risk-free, while preserving the structural integrity and functionality of the structures. One of the most reliable methods is the application of unique below-the hook lifting devices and the goal of this paper is to present the benefits of their use via two examples. Case 1 deals with dismounting of dated constructions in a densely populated area, with limited structural data provided. Case 2 is focused on mounting of a large-scale roof structure in harsh boundary conditions, with limited maneuvering space. Results presented in this paper represent a contribution to the field of below-the hook lifting devices.
PB  - SaTCIP
C3  - Proceedings of the XXI International Conference MHCL’15
T1  - Specific Engineering Challenges During the Large-Scale Structures’ Mantling and Dismantling Procedures
EP  - 240
SP  - 235
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4922
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Petković, Zoran D. and Gnjatović, Nebojša and Milenović, Ivan Lj. and Milojević, Goran and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.",
year = "2015",
abstract = "Mounting and dismantling of large-scale mechanical systems is a complex engineering challenge due to several factors, such as structural diversity and size of handled structures, limited 
maneuvering options, and absence of related literature, to name the few, all of which make each problem unique. Numerous disasters throughout the history created a need for a safe approach to the problem of executing such procedures risk-free, while preserving the structural integrity and functionality of the structures. One of the most reliable methods is the application of unique below-the hook lifting devices and the goal of this paper is to present the benefits of their use via two examples. Case 1 deals with dismounting of dated constructions in a densely populated area, with limited structural data provided. Case 2 is focused on mounting of a large-scale roof structure in harsh boundary conditions, with limited maneuvering space. Results presented in this paper represent a contribution to the field of below-the hook lifting devices.",
publisher = "SaTCIP",
journal = "Proceedings of the XXI International Conference MHCL’15",
title = "Specific Engineering Challenges During the Large-Scale Structures’ Mantling and Dismantling Procedures",
pages = "240-235",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4922"
}

Petković, Z. D., Gnjatović, N., Milenović, I. Lj., Milojević, G.,& Stefanović, A. Z.. (2015). Specific Engineering Challenges During the Large-Scale Structures’ Mantling and Dismantling Procedures. in Proceedings of the XXI International Conference MHCL’15
SaTCIP., 235-240.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4922

Petković ZD, Gnjatović N, Milenović IL, Milojević G, Stefanović AZ. Specific Engineering Challenges During the Large-Scale Structures’ Mantling and Dismantling Procedures. in Proceedings of the XXI International Conference MHCL’15. 2015;:235-240.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4922 .

Petković, Zoran D., Gnjatović, Nebojša, Milenović, Ivan Lj., Milojević, Goran, Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., "Specific Engineering Challenges During the Large-Scale Structures’ Mantling and Dismantling Procedures" in Proceedings of the XXI International Conference MHCL’15 (2015):235-240,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4922 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Petković, Zoran D.
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Milenović, Ivan Lj.
AU  - Milojević, Goran
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4916
AB  - Mounting of large-scale mechanical systems involves lifting and positioning of the so-called specific loads, namely structures of great dimensions and masses whose functionality and structural integrity should not be jeopardized during the realization of the erection procedures. Two examples of spatial truss roof construction mountings are presented in this paper as case 1, underlying the effect of unique lifting device usage on uniform load distribution on the structures being lifted. Case 2 deals with mounting of three tall vertical pressure vessels of different weights and heights with the same lifting gear and traverse specially designed to accomplish the aforementioned tasks. Case 3 is focused on the redesign of the existing traverse in order to fulfill the task of lifting and precise positioning of the bucket wheel excavator segment, a truss structure of a great span, weighing 90 t. Results presented in this paper represent a contribution in the field of below-the-hook lifting devices design, arising from the specificity of engineering problems dealing with mounting of large-scale structures.
PB  - SaTCIP
C3  - 14th International Conference "Research and Development in Mechanical Industry" RaDMI 2014
T1  - Design of unique below-the-hook lifting devices for specific loads
EP  - 51
SP  - 44
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4916
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Petković, Zoran D. and Gnjatović, Nebojša and Milenović, Ivan Lj. and Milojević, Goran and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Mounting of large-scale mechanical systems involves lifting and positioning of the so-called specific loads, namely structures of great dimensions and masses whose functionality and structural integrity should not be jeopardized during the realization of the erection procedures. Two examples of spatial truss roof construction mountings are presented in this paper as case 1, underlying the effect of unique lifting device usage on uniform load distribution on the structures being lifted. Case 2 deals with mounting of three tall vertical pressure vessels of different weights and heights with the same lifting gear and traverse specially designed to accomplish the aforementioned tasks. Case 3 is focused on the redesign of the existing traverse in order to fulfill the task of lifting and precise positioning of the bucket wheel excavator segment, a truss structure of a great span, weighing 90 t. Results presented in this paper represent a contribution in the field of below-the-hook lifting devices design, arising from the specificity of engineering problems dealing with mounting of large-scale structures.",
publisher = "SaTCIP",
journal = "14th International Conference "Research and Development in Mechanical Industry" RaDMI 2014",
title = "Design of unique below-the-hook lifting devices for specific loads",
pages = "51-44",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4916"
}

Petković, Z. D., Gnjatović, N., Milenović, I. Lj., Milojević, G.,& Stefanović, A. Z.. (2014). Design of unique below-the-hook lifting devices for specific loads. in 14th International Conference "Research and Development in Mechanical Industry" RaDMI 2014
SaTCIP., 44-51.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4916

Petković ZD, Gnjatović N, Milenović IL, Milojević G, Stefanović AZ. Design of unique below-the-hook lifting devices for specific loads. in 14th International Conference "Research and Development in Mechanical Industry" RaDMI 2014. 2014;:44-51.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4916 .

Petković, Zoran D., Gnjatović, Nebojša, Milenović, Ivan Lj., Milojević, Goran, Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., "Design of unique below-the-hook lifting devices for specific loads" in 14th International Conference "Research and Development in Mechanical Industry" RaDMI 2014 (2014):44-51,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4916 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Gnjatović, Nebojša
AU  - Milojević, Goran
AU  - Milenović, Ivan Lj.
AU  - Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4914
AB  - This paper describes the failure analysis results of undercarriage and superstructure vital 
subassemblies, which led to periodical stoppage and eventually total collapse of the bucket wheel excavator (BWE) SchRs 1760, once the machine with the highest theoretical capacity operating on the overburden excavation in open pit mine “Kolubara” - Serbia. It is conclusive that the main cause of two wheel bogie structural failure, described as case 1, is its insufficient strength during the action of lateral forces which are dominantly applied during the BWE curve travel. Case 2 analyses the support structure of portal tie-rods failure which was the consequence of superposition of the negative effects caused by inadequate shaping and dimensioning of the support assembly for given load conditions, as well as influences of defects of the metal weld structure. Both of the described failures are caused by the design-in faults.
PB  - SaTCIP
C3  - Proceedings of the The Eighth Triennial International Conference Heavy Machinery - HM 2014
T1  - ‘Design-in’ Faults - the Reason for Serious Drawbacks in High Capacity Bucket Wheel Excavator Exploitation
EP  - A.182
SP  - A.177
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4914
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Gnjatović, Nebojša and Milojević, Goran and Milenović, Ivan Lj. and Stefanović, Aleksandar Z.",
year = "2014",
abstract = "This paper describes the failure analysis results of undercarriage and superstructure vital 
subassemblies, which led to periodical stoppage and eventually total collapse of the bucket wheel excavator (BWE) SchRs 1760, once the machine with the highest theoretical capacity operating on the overburden excavation in open pit mine “Kolubara” - Serbia. It is conclusive that the main cause of two wheel bogie structural failure, described as case 1, is its insufficient strength during the action of lateral forces which are dominantly applied during the BWE curve travel. Case 2 analyses the support structure of portal tie-rods failure which was the consequence of superposition of the negative effects caused by inadequate shaping and dimensioning of the support assembly for given load conditions, as well as influences of defects of the metal weld structure. Both of the described failures are caused by the design-in faults.",
publisher = "SaTCIP",
journal = "Proceedings of the The Eighth Triennial International Conference Heavy Machinery - HM 2014",
title = "‘Design-in’ Faults - the Reason for Serious Drawbacks in High Capacity Bucket Wheel Excavator Exploitation",
pages = "A.182-A.177",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4914"
}

Gnjatović, N., Milojević, G., Milenović, I. Lj.,& Stefanović, A. Z.. (2014). ‘Design-in’ Faults - the Reason for Serious Drawbacks in High Capacity Bucket Wheel Excavator Exploitation. in Proceedings of the The Eighth Triennial International Conference Heavy Machinery - HM 2014
SaTCIP., A.177-A.182.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4914

Gnjatović N, Milojević G, Milenović IL, Stefanović AZ. ‘Design-in’ Faults - the Reason for Serious Drawbacks in High Capacity Bucket Wheel Excavator Exploitation. in Proceedings of the The Eighth Triennial International Conference Heavy Machinery - HM 2014. 2014;:A.177-A.182.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4914 .

Gnjatović, Nebojša, Milojević, Goran, Milenović, Ivan Lj., Stefanović, Aleksandar Z., "‘Design-in’ Faults - the Reason for Serious Drawbacks in High Capacity Bucket Wheel Excavator Exploitation" in Proceedings of the The Eighth Triennial International Conference Heavy Machinery - HM 2014 (2014):A.177-A.182,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_4914 .