LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF MAIN BIOMASS SUPPLY CHAINS IN SERBIA - INITIAL EVALUATIONS
Апстракт
In this paper, life cycle assessment (LCA) of two biomass supply chains models in the Republic of Serbia were carried out: LCA of the wood and LCA of the agricultural biomass. These models were developed by analyzing data from similar studies, experimental data, agricultural practice and inventory databases. The analysis includes all processing stages of the final products of these chains, i.e., analysis of obtaining wood chips from the beech tree and analysis of obtaining briquettes from the perennial grass miscanthus. The operations included in the life cycle assessment of wood chips are felling and processing, extraction, chipping and transport. The operations included in the life cycle assessment of miscanthus briquettes are: mowing, baling, transport and briquetting. For conducting LCAs, SimaPro software was used, and the impact assessment was analyzed using the ReCiPE method. The assessment covers six impact categories: climate change, ozone depletion, terrestrial acidification, ...eutrophication of freshwater ecosystems, formation of photochemical oxidants and formation of particles. As a functional unit 1 t of dried biomass was used.
The results show that the production of miscanthus briquettes has a greater impact in the categories terrestrial acidification and particle formation, while the production of wood chips from beech has a greater impact in the impact categories climate change, ozone depletion, eutrophication and the formation of photochemical oxidants. Comparative analysis of the models indicates that there are no big differences in the values obtained for each analysed category. For example, in the climate change category, 33.5 kg of CO2 equivalents (CO2 eq) are emitted in the miscanthus model, and 35 kg CO2eq in the beech chips model. The biggest difference is in categories photochemical oxidant formation and particulate matter formatting, 462g to 257g of non-methane volatile organic compound equivalents and 77g to 147g of particulate matter formation equivalents for beech and miscanthus, respectively. The operation in the miscanthus life cycle model that contributes the most to the environmental impact is briquetting due to the low productivity of the briquetting machine, as well as the significant consumption of electricity, which is mainly obtained from fossil fuels. In the beech chips life cycle model, the chipping operation shows the greatest impact due to the low productivity of the process, high consumption of fossil fuels i.e., diesel and high emission factors due to the use of obsolete machinery.
These analysis were performed in order to show the possible impacts on the environment that these biomass supply chains could have based on the available data. In practice productivity and efficiency of the processes could be increased, and environmental impacts could be reduced by choosing more modern equipments and machinery, using preferably electricity from renewable sources, or applying different biomass processing approach. Also, it is of great importance to carefully determine system boundaries and functional units, considering that different types of biomass with different characteristics, different rotation periods and processing methods are compared.
Кључне речи:
Life cycle assessment / biomass / beech / miscantus / renewable energyИзвор:
Full Papers Proceeding of International Conference "Power Plants 2023", November 2023, Zlatibor Serbia, 2023, 960-971Колекције
Институција/група
Inovacioni centarTY - CONF AU - Perić, Milica AU - Komatina, Mirko PY - 2023 UR - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7388 AB - In this paper, life cycle assessment (LCA) of two biomass supply chains models in the Republic of Serbia were carried out: LCA of the wood and LCA of the agricultural biomass. These models were developed by analyzing data from similar studies, experimental data, agricultural practice and inventory databases. The analysis includes all processing stages of the final products of these chains, i.e., analysis of obtaining wood chips from the beech tree and analysis of obtaining briquettes from the perennial grass miscanthus. The operations included in the life cycle assessment of wood chips are felling and processing, extraction, chipping and transport. The operations included in the life cycle assessment of miscanthus briquettes are: mowing, baling, transport and briquetting. For conducting LCAs, SimaPro software was used, and the impact assessment was analyzed using the ReCiPE method. The assessment covers six impact categories: climate change, ozone depletion, terrestrial acidification, eutrophication of freshwater ecosystems, formation of photochemical oxidants and formation of particles. As a functional unit 1 t of dried biomass was used. The results show that the production of miscanthus briquettes has a greater impact in the categories terrestrial acidification and particle formation, while the production of wood chips from beech has a greater impact in the impact categories climate change, ozone depletion, eutrophication and the formation of photochemical oxidants. Comparative analysis of the models indicates that there are no big differences in the values obtained for each analysed category. For example, in the climate change category, 33.5 kg of CO2 equivalents (CO2 eq) are emitted in the miscanthus model, and 35 kg CO2eq in the beech chips model. The biggest difference is in categories photochemical oxidant formation and particulate matter formatting, 462g to 257g of non-methane volatile organic compound equivalents and 77g to 147g of particulate matter formation equivalents for beech and miscanthus, respectively. The operation in the miscanthus life cycle model that contributes the most to the environmental impact is briquetting due to the low productivity of the briquetting machine, as well as the significant consumption of electricity, which is mainly obtained from fossil fuels. In the beech chips life cycle model, the chipping operation shows the greatest impact due to the low productivity of the process, high consumption of fossil fuels i.e., diesel and high emission factors due to the use of obsolete machinery. These analysis were performed in order to show the possible impacts on the environment that these biomass supply chains could have based on the available data. In practice productivity and efficiency of the processes could be increased, and environmental impacts could be reduced by choosing more modern equipments and machinery, using preferably electricity from renewable sources, or applying different biomass processing approach. Also, it is of great importance to carefully determine system boundaries and functional units, considering that different types of biomass with different characteristics, different rotation periods and processing methods are compared. C3 - Full Papers Proceeding of International Conference "Power Plants 2023", November 2023, Zlatibor Serbia T1 - LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF MAIN BIOMASS SUPPLY CHAINS IN SERBIA - INITIAL EVALUATIONS EP - 971 SP - 960 UR - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_7388 ER -
@conference{ author = "Perić, Milica and Komatina, Mirko", year = "2023", abstract = "In this paper, life cycle assessment (LCA) of two biomass supply chains models in the Republic of Serbia were carried out: LCA of the wood and LCA of the agricultural biomass. These models were developed by analyzing data from similar studies, experimental data, agricultural practice and inventory databases. The analysis includes all processing stages of the final products of these chains, i.e., analysis of obtaining wood chips from the beech tree and analysis of obtaining briquettes from the perennial grass miscanthus. The operations included in the life cycle assessment of wood chips are felling and processing, extraction, chipping and transport. The operations included in the life cycle assessment of miscanthus briquettes are: mowing, baling, transport and briquetting. For conducting LCAs, SimaPro software was used, and the impact assessment was analyzed using the ReCiPE method. The assessment covers six impact categories: climate change, ozone depletion, terrestrial acidification, eutrophication of freshwater ecosystems, formation of photochemical oxidants and formation of particles. As a functional unit 1 t of dried biomass was used. The results show that the production of miscanthus briquettes has a greater impact in the categories terrestrial acidification and particle formation, while the production of wood chips from beech has a greater impact in the impact categories climate change, ozone depletion, eutrophication and the formation of photochemical oxidants. Comparative analysis of the models indicates that there are no big differences in the values obtained for each analysed category. For example, in the climate change category, 33.5 kg of CO2 equivalents (CO2 eq) are emitted in the miscanthus model, and 35 kg CO2eq in the beech chips model. The biggest difference is in categories photochemical oxidant formation and particulate matter formatting, 462g to 257g of non-methane volatile organic compound equivalents and 77g to 147g of particulate matter formation equivalents for beech and miscanthus, respectively. The operation in the miscanthus life cycle model that contributes the most to the environmental impact is briquetting due to the low productivity of the briquetting machine, as well as the significant consumption of electricity, which is mainly obtained from fossil fuels. In the beech chips life cycle model, the chipping operation shows the greatest impact due to the low productivity of the process, high consumption of fossil fuels i.e., diesel and high emission factors due to the use of obsolete machinery. These analysis were performed in order to show the possible impacts on the environment that these biomass supply chains could have based on the available data. In practice productivity and efficiency of the processes could be increased, and environmental impacts could be reduced by choosing more modern equipments and machinery, using preferably electricity from renewable sources, or applying different biomass processing approach. Also, it is of great importance to carefully determine system boundaries and functional units, considering that different types of biomass with different characteristics, different rotation periods and processing methods are compared.", journal = "Full Papers Proceeding of International Conference "Power Plants 2023", November 2023, Zlatibor Serbia", title = "LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF MAIN BIOMASS SUPPLY CHAINS IN SERBIA - INITIAL EVALUATIONS", pages = "971-960", url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_7388" }
Perić, M.,& Komatina, M.. (2023). LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF MAIN BIOMASS SUPPLY CHAINS IN SERBIA - INITIAL EVALUATIONS. in Full Papers Proceeding of International Conference "Power Plants 2023", November 2023, Zlatibor Serbia, 960-971. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_7388
Perić M, Komatina M. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF MAIN BIOMASS SUPPLY CHAINS IN SERBIA - INITIAL EVALUATIONS. in Full Papers Proceeding of International Conference "Power Plants 2023", November 2023, Zlatibor Serbia. 2023;:960-971. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_7388 .
Perić, Milica, Komatina, Mirko, "LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF MAIN BIOMASS SUPPLY CHAINS IN SERBIA - INITIAL EVALUATIONS" in Full Papers Proceeding of International Conference "Power Plants 2023", November 2023, Zlatibor Serbia (2023):960-971, https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_machinery_7388 .