State of the art in the field of cold forging tools

Abstract

This paper chronologically presents the development of the geometry of cold forging tools, as well as the factors that influence the tool lifespan. Tools for plastic deformation processing are of strategic importance for large-scale and mass production. Their lifespan and properties have a great impact on process productivity and product quality. Cold forging represents an efficient metal processing technique through plastic deformation with significant material savings. One of the main challenges of this processing technique is managing high contact normal stresses in the tool, which can lead to serious tool damage. In order to better understand tribological phenomena in the cold forging process, which involve tool wear, fatigue, and failure, this paper will present a practical example of how to improve tool lifespan from the perspective of tool design and construction. The example taken is a forging tool for manufacturing a screw in four operations. The distribution of contact pressure in the contact zone between the working tool and the workpiece was examined using the finite element method for each of the geometries tested. This allowed for a comparison of the service life of the matrix for each of the tested matrix geometries.