Welding Joint Made of Two Different Austenitic Materials

Abstract

Using austenitic steel in welding structures requires both destructive and non-destructive testing (NDT) to approve the use of intended welding specification, but also testing of material properties, even if they are guaranteed by manufacturer. In this particular case, X2CrNiMo17-12-2 (commercial trademark AISI 316L) is the material that has to be partly replaced by NiCr21Mo (commercial trademark Incoloy 825) in a piece of process equipment exposed to elevated temperature and highly corrosive environment. This research presents an investigation of overmatching V groove welded joint made of these two austenitic materials. Due to materials properties and specific application conditions, low heat input TIG welding was utilized. Mechanical properties of welded joint have been examined to check criteria which guarantees safe work and integrity of welded components. Chemical composition of used filler material was close to the one of NiCr21Mo alloy, providing weld overmatching, which needs to be checked as well. Mechanical testing (tensile, bending, impact, hardness), macro- and microstructure analysis provided detailed insight into welded joint characteristics and a ground for further investigation concerning heterogeneous austenitic welded joint, taking into account overmatching effect.