Elementi pasivne sigurnosti šinskih vozila pri sudaru

Abstract

U radu su analizirane mere pasivne sigurnosti hod šinskih vozila pri sudaru Datje kratak pregled mera koje se odnose na otpornost čeonog stakla, čeone oplate, uređaje protiv penjanja vozila pri sudaru i zahtevi za slučaj naletanja na drumska vozila. Detaljnije su razmatrani zahtevi koje treba da zadovolji noseća struktura u pogledu apsorpcije energije sudara. Analizirani su mogući elementi za apsorpciju energije sudara. Predstavljeni su rezultati ispitivanja dva tipa elemenata za apsorpciju energije: cevni elementi sa otvorima koji se pri sudaru deformišu gužvanjem i cevni elementi koji se deformišu proširivanjem. Data je idejno rešenje čeonog dela motornog voza sa integrisanjem elemenata za apsorpciju energije sudara.

This paper analyses measures for passive safety of railway vehicles in collision. The short review of measures for safety of frontal glass and frontal sheet cover is given, and requirements for anti-climb devices as well as in case of collision with road vehicles. Requirements for energy absorption of bearing structure in collision considered with more details. Possible absorption elements are analyzed too. The results of laboratory testing of two absorption element types for energy absorption are presented the first types are pipe elements with openings, which are smashed during deformation, and the other type are elements that are widened during deformation. The proposal for crashworthy frontal part design of an EMU/DMU unit is given with incorporated elements for energy absorption.