TMA exploitation indicators for mechanized drilling of pits for planting fruit

Abstract

Performing works with the land where a lot of mechanical work is engaged, such as making pits for planting fruit, needs to be mechanized. This replaces human labour with a tractor machine aggregate with an increase in productivity and thus makes the process cheaper. For the proper selection of individual means of mechanization, it is important to determine the optimal agrotechnical parameters of their application. Proper selection and use of mechanization tools for planting have a decisive influence on the intensity and progress in cultivation technology. Defining energy and exploitation parameters of tractor-machine aggregates during mechanized construction of pits is the subject of this research. The pits are intended for individual planting of fruit seedlings as well as the installation of trellis poles. The test results of the tractor-machine aggregate show that the lowest driving force engaged for drilling was achieved in the field and was 6.36 kW for the excavated pit with the depth of 885 mm and with a diameter of 520 mm, the number of revolutions of the drill was 93 rpm and drilling was achieved in 27 s. The highest driving force for drilling was engaged in field III, which was 30.8 kW for the excavated pit 780 mm deep with a diameter of 490 mm, the number of revolutions of the drill bit was 111 rpm and drilling was realized in 30 s. The results obtained in these tests show that the consumption of motor power largely depends on the type of soil, the quality of previous soil preparations and the number of revolutions of the tractor PTO shaft. The time required to move the aggregate from one to the next drilling site is crucially influenced by the terrain configuration, the state of soil preparation and the skill of the tractor driver and auxiliary worker.