Generalized TCS Model with the Current Reflection at Ground and at the Upper End of the Lightning Channel

Abstract

The generalized travelling current source model (GTCS) is extended to take into account the current reflections occurring at ground and at the upper end of the lightning channel. The ground reflection and the top reflection factors are overtaken from the extended TCS model. The current sources are placed along the activated length of the lightning channel and represented by the channel discharge function introduced earlier in the GTCS model. The multiple reflections originate current waves moving up and down on the lightning channel. The total current is composed by the source current according to the original GTCS model and the reflected currents. The current along the channel can be represented as two sums of the integrals of the current sources along the channel.