Uticaj odabranih vrsta biomase i procesa sagorevanja na sastav i karakteristike gasovitih i čvrstih produkata
Effect of biomass characteristics and combustion process on flue gaseous composition and ash related properties
2015
Authors
Todorović, DušanContributors
Jovović, AleksandarStanojević, Miroslav
Stojiljković, Dragoslava
Radić, Dejan
Samec, Niko
Doctoral thesis (Published version)
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Rastući problem zaštite životne sredine i konstantno smanjenje rezervi fosilnih goriva doveo je do sve većeg interesa za korišćenjem obnovljivih izvora energije u prethodnim decenijama. Klimatske promene, izazvane antropogenim faktorima, poslednjih godina takođe predstavljaju veliku pokretačku snagu razvoja tehnologija za iskorišćenje obnovljivih izvora energije. Biomasa danas predstavlja najveći pojedinačni obnovljivi izvor energije, sa oko 10% od ukupne primarne proizvodnje energije u Svetu. Poslednje analize pokazuju da će proizvodnja primarne energije iz biomase sa sadašnjih 50 EJ porasti na 160 EJ do 2050. godine, od kojih 100 EJ u termoenergetskom sektoru. Prilikom sagorevanja biomase nastaju gasovi i čvrsti produkti, koji u većoj ili manjoj meri, mogu imati različita neželjena dejstva. Redukcija štetnih produkata sagorevanja može se ostvariti kroz sprečavanje njihovog nastajanja (primarne mere) ili njihovog uklanjanja iz dimnog gasa (sekundarne mere). Generalno, primarne mere pr...edstavljaju modifikaciju procesa sagorevanja i goriva, dok je primena sekundarnih mera predviđena nakon samog procesa sagorevanja. U skladu sa time, do sada je puno napora uloženo na identifikaciju i mogućnosti redukcije pojedinih štetnih produkata. Predmet i naučni doprinos doktorske disertacije predstavlja istraživanje mogućih procesa smanjenja štetnih produkata sagorevanja primenom primarnih metoda pri sagorevanju biomase, odnosno ekperimentalno ispitivanje mogućnosti i stepena smanjenja određenih štetnih produkata sagorevanja odabranih vrsta biomase (sirovog ne tretiranog drveta, otpadnog drveta i otpadne biomase iz procesa proizvodnje kafe, kao i njihovih mešavina) primenom izabranih primarnih mera. Kako su istraživanja u okviru izrade doktorske disertacije obuhvatila veoma detaljne analize produkata sagorevanja biomase, ovim radom ostvario se doprinos proučavanju uticaja višestepenog dovođenja vazduha za sagorevanje i modifikacije sastava goriva na sastav gasovitih produkata sagorevanja biomase i karakteristike pepela. U cilju definisanja optimalnih uslova sagorevanja, sa aspekta emisije azotnih oksida, u eksperimentima u kojima je kao gorivo korišćeno otpadno drvo, određeno je da se optimalni koeficijent viška vazduha (λ) pri dvostepenom dovođenju vazduha, kreće u opsegu 0,8-0,95 za primarni vazduh, odnosno 1,6-1,9 kada je u pitanju ukupna vrednost λ, što se dobro slaže sa dostupnim literaturnim podacima. Takođe je potvrđeno da je pomenuta vrednost λ adekvatna i sa aspekta emisija CO, kao i da dovođenje višestepenog vazduha za sagorevanje generalno dovodi do viših emisija CO, u odnosu na procese bez višestepenog dovođenja vazduha...
The growing problem of environmental protection and a decline in reserves of fossil fuels has led to increasing interest in the use of renewable energy in recent decades. Climate change, caused by anthropogenic factors in recent years are also a major driving force in the development of technologies for the utilization of renewable energy sources. Biomass today represents the largest single renewable energy source, with about 10% of total primary energy production in the world. Recent analyzes show that the production of primary energy from biomass from the current 50 EJ increase to 160 EJ by 2050, of which 100 EJ in the power generation sector. Gases and solid products occurring as biomass combustion process, which could be to a greater or lesser extent, may have different side effects. The reduction of harmful products of combustion can be achieved by preventing their formation (primary measures) or their removal from flue gas (secondary measures). Overall, the primary measure is a m...odification of the combustion process and fuel, while the application of secondary measures foreseen after the combustion process. Accordingly, so far a lot of effort was made to identify opportunities and reduction of harmful products. The subject and the scientific contribution of the doctoral dissertation is an investigation of possible processes to reduce harmful combustion products using the primary methods during combustion of biomass, and experimentally examine the possibilities and the degree of reduction of certain harmful products of combustion of selected types of biomass (wood, demolition wood and coffee waste and selected mixtures of these) using selected primary measures. As research within this doctoral dissertation included a very detailed analysis of the products of combustion of biomass, this thesis made a significant contribution to the research of the air staged combustion and modifications of fuel composition on the composition of the gaseous products of biomass combustion and ash characteristics. In order to define the optimum combustion conditions, in terms of emissions of nitrogen oxides, in demolition wood experiments, it was determined that the optimum excess air ratio (λ) in air staging experiments, is in the range from 0.8 to 0.95 of primary air, and 1.6-1.9 for overall λ, which is in good agreement with the available literature data. Itwas also confirmed that the aforementioned λ value is adequate in terms of CO emissions, as well as air staging leads to higher emissions of CO, comparing to processes without the air staging...
Keywords:
wood / peat ash / NOx / N2O / kaolin / fly ash / deposition / demolition wood / corosion / coffee waste / bottom ash / air staging / aerosols / zašljakivanje / višestepeno dovođenje vazduha za sagorevanje / pepo treseta / otpadna biomasa / NOx / N2O / ložišni pepeo / leteći pepeo / korozija / kaolin / čista drvna biomasa / biomasa iz procesa proizvodnje kafe / aerosoliSource:
2015Publisher:
- Univerzitet u Beogradu, Mašinski fakultet
Funding / projects:
- Development of CHP demo facility with biomass gasification (RS-MESTD-Technological Development (TD or TR)-33049)
- Pollution Reduction from Thermal Power Plants of the Public Enterprise “Electric Power Industry of Serbia” (RS-MESTD-Integrated and Interdisciplinary Research (IIR or III)-42010)
URI
http://eteze.bg.ac.rs/application/showtheses?thesesId=3238https://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/5834
https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:11620/bdef:Content/download
http://vbs.rs/scripts/cobiss?command=DISPLAY&base=70036&RID=514625699
https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/34
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Institution/Community
Mašinski fakultetTY - THES AU - Todorović, Dušan PY - 2015 UR - http://eteze.bg.ac.rs/application/showtheses?thesesId=3238 UR - https://nardus.mpn.gov.rs/handle/123456789/5834 UR - https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:11620/bdef:Content/download UR - http://vbs.rs/scripts/cobiss?command=DISPLAY&base=70036&RID=514625699 UR - https://machinery.mas.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/34 AB - Rastući problem zaštite životne sredine i konstantno smanjenje rezervi fosilnih goriva doveo je do sve većeg interesa za korišćenjem obnovljivih izvora energije u prethodnim decenijama. Klimatske promene, izazvane antropogenim faktorima, poslednjih godina takođe predstavljaju veliku pokretačku snagu razvoja tehnologija za iskorišćenje obnovljivih izvora energije. Biomasa danas predstavlja najveći pojedinačni obnovljivi izvor energije, sa oko 10% od ukupne primarne proizvodnje energije u Svetu. Poslednje analize pokazuju da će proizvodnja primarne energije iz biomase sa sadašnjih 50 EJ porasti na 160 EJ do 2050. godine, od kojih 100 EJ u termoenergetskom sektoru. Prilikom sagorevanja biomase nastaju gasovi i čvrsti produkti, koji u većoj ili manjoj meri, mogu imati različita neželjena dejstva. Redukcija štetnih produkata sagorevanja može se ostvariti kroz sprečavanje njihovog nastajanja (primarne mere) ili njihovog uklanjanja iz dimnog gasa (sekundarne mere). Generalno, primarne mere predstavljaju modifikaciju procesa sagorevanja i goriva, dok je primena sekundarnih mera predviđena nakon samog procesa sagorevanja. U skladu sa time, do sada je puno napora uloženo na identifikaciju i mogućnosti redukcije pojedinih štetnih produkata. Predmet i naučni doprinos doktorske disertacije predstavlja istraživanje mogućih procesa smanjenja štetnih produkata sagorevanja primenom primarnih metoda pri sagorevanju biomase, odnosno ekperimentalno ispitivanje mogućnosti i stepena smanjenja određenih štetnih produkata sagorevanja odabranih vrsta biomase (sirovog ne tretiranog drveta, otpadnog drveta i otpadne biomase iz procesa proizvodnje kafe, kao i njihovih mešavina) primenom izabranih primarnih mera. Kako su istraživanja u okviru izrade doktorske disertacije obuhvatila veoma detaljne analize produkata sagorevanja biomase, ovim radom ostvario se doprinos proučavanju uticaja višestepenog dovođenja vazduha za sagorevanje i modifikacije sastava goriva na sastav gasovitih produkata sagorevanja biomase i karakteristike pepela. U cilju definisanja optimalnih uslova sagorevanja, sa aspekta emisije azotnih oksida, u eksperimentima u kojima je kao gorivo korišćeno otpadno drvo, određeno je da se optimalni koeficijent viška vazduha (λ) pri dvostepenom dovođenju vazduha, kreće u opsegu 0,8-0,95 za primarni vazduh, odnosno 1,6-1,9 kada je u pitanju ukupna vrednost λ, što se dobro slaže sa dostupnim literaturnim podacima. Takođe je potvrđeno da je pomenuta vrednost λ adekvatna i sa aspekta emisija CO, kao i da dovođenje višestepenog vazduha za sagorevanje generalno dovodi do viših emisija CO, u odnosu na procese bez višestepenog dovođenja vazduha... AB - The growing problem of environmental protection and a decline in reserves of fossil fuels has led to increasing interest in the use of renewable energy in recent decades. Climate change, caused by anthropogenic factors in recent years are also a major driving force in the development of technologies for the utilization of renewable energy sources. Biomass today represents the largest single renewable energy source, with about 10% of total primary energy production in the world. Recent analyzes show that the production of primary energy from biomass from the current 50 EJ increase to 160 EJ by 2050, of which 100 EJ in the power generation sector. Gases and solid products occurring as biomass combustion process, which could be to a greater or lesser extent, may have different side effects. The reduction of harmful products of combustion can be achieved by preventing their formation (primary measures) or their removal from flue gas (secondary measures). Overall, the primary measure is a modification of the combustion process and fuel, while the application of secondary measures foreseen after the combustion process. Accordingly, so far a lot of effort was made to identify opportunities and reduction of harmful products. The subject and the scientific contribution of the doctoral dissertation is an investigation of possible processes to reduce harmful combustion products using the primary methods during combustion of biomass, and experimentally examine the possibilities and the degree of reduction of certain harmful products of combustion of selected types of biomass (wood, demolition wood and coffee waste and selected mixtures of these) using selected primary measures. As research within this doctoral dissertation included a very detailed analysis of the products of combustion of biomass, this thesis made a significant contribution to the research of the air staged combustion and modifications of fuel composition on the composition of the gaseous products of biomass combustion and ash characteristics. In order to define the optimum combustion conditions, in terms of emissions of nitrogen oxides, in demolition wood experiments, it was determined that the optimum excess air ratio (λ) in air staging experiments, is in the range from 0.8 to 0.95 of primary air, and 1.6-1.9 for overall λ, which is in good agreement with the available literature data. Itwas also confirmed that the aforementioned λ value is adequate in terms of CO emissions, as well as air staging leads to higher emissions of CO, comparing to processes without the air staging... PB - Univerzitet u Beogradu, Mašinski fakultet T1 - Uticaj odabranih vrsta biomase i procesa sagorevanja na sastav i karakteristike gasovitih i čvrstih produkata T1 - Effect of biomass characteristics and combustion process on flue gaseous composition and ash related properties UR - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_5834 ER -
@phdthesis{ author = "Todorović, Dušan", year = "2015", abstract = "Rastući problem zaštite životne sredine i konstantno smanjenje rezervi fosilnih goriva doveo je do sve većeg interesa za korišćenjem obnovljivih izvora energije u prethodnim decenijama. Klimatske promene, izazvane antropogenim faktorima, poslednjih godina takođe predstavljaju veliku pokretačku snagu razvoja tehnologija za iskorišćenje obnovljivih izvora energije. Biomasa danas predstavlja najveći pojedinačni obnovljivi izvor energije, sa oko 10% od ukupne primarne proizvodnje energije u Svetu. Poslednje analize pokazuju da će proizvodnja primarne energije iz biomase sa sadašnjih 50 EJ porasti na 160 EJ do 2050. godine, od kojih 100 EJ u termoenergetskom sektoru. Prilikom sagorevanja biomase nastaju gasovi i čvrsti produkti, koji u većoj ili manjoj meri, mogu imati različita neželjena dejstva. Redukcija štetnih produkata sagorevanja može se ostvariti kroz sprečavanje njihovog nastajanja (primarne mere) ili njihovog uklanjanja iz dimnog gasa (sekundarne mere). Generalno, primarne mere predstavljaju modifikaciju procesa sagorevanja i goriva, dok je primena sekundarnih mera predviđena nakon samog procesa sagorevanja. U skladu sa time, do sada je puno napora uloženo na identifikaciju i mogućnosti redukcije pojedinih štetnih produkata. Predmet i naučni doprinos doktorske disertacije predstavlja istraživanje mogućih procesa smanjenja štetnih produkata sagorevanja primenom primarnih metoda pri sagorevanju biomase, odnosno ekperimentalno ispitivanje mogućnosti i stepena smanjenja određenih štetnih produkata sagorevanja odabranih vrsta biomase (sirovog ne tretiranog drveta, otpadnog drveta i otpadne biomase iz procesa proizvodnje kafe, kao i njihovih mešavina) primenom izabranih primarnih mera. Kako su istraživanja u okviru izrade doktorske disertacije obuhvatila veoma detaljne analize produkata sagorevanja biomase, ovim radom ostvario se doprinos proučavanju uticaja višestepenog dovođenja vazduha za sagorevanje i modifikacije sastava goriva na sastav gasovitih produkata sagorevanja biomase i karakteristike pepela. U cilju definisanja optimalnih uslova sagorevanja, sa aspekta emisije azotnih oksida, u eksperimentima u kojima je kao gorivo korišćeno otpadno drvo, određeno je da se optimalni koeficijent viška vazduha (λ) pri dvostepenom dovođenju vazduha, kreće u opsegu 0,8-0,95 za primarni vazduh, odnosno 1,6-1,9 kada je u pitanju ukupna vrednost λ, što se dobro slaže sa dostupnim literaturnim podacima. Takođe je potvrđeno da je pomenuta vrednost λ adekvatna i sa aspekta emisija CO, kao i da dovođenje višestepenog vazduha za sagorevanje generalno dovodi do viših emisija CO, u odnosu na procese bez višestepenog dovođenja vazduha..., The growing problem of environmental protection and a decline in reserves of fossil fuels has led to increasing interest in the use of renewable energy in recent decades. Climate change, caused by anthropogenic factors in recent years are also a major driving force in the development of technologies for the utilization of renewable energy sources. Biomass today represents the largest single renewable energy source, with about 10% of total primary energy production in the world. Recent analyzes show that the production of primary energy from biomass from the current 50 EJ increase to 160 EJ by 2050, of which 100 EJ in the power generation sector. Gases and solid products occurring as biomass combustion process, which could be to a greater or lesser extent, may have different side effects. The reduction of harmful products of combustion can be achieved by preventing their formation (primary measures) or their removal from flue gas (secondary measures). Overall, the primary measure is a modification of the combustion process and fuel, while the application of secondary measures foreseen after the combustion process. Accordingly, so far a lot of effort was made to identify opportunities and reduction of harmful products. The subject and the scientific contribution of the doctoral dissertation is an investigation of possible processes to reduce harmful combustion products using the primary methods during combustion of biomass, and experimentally examine the possibilities and the degree of reduction of certain harmful products of combustion of selected types of biomass (wood, demolition wood and coffee waste and selected mixtures of these) using selected primary measures. As research within this doctoral dissertation included a very detailed analysis of the products of combustion of biomass, this thesis made a significant contribution to the research of the air staged combustion and modifications of fuel composition on the composition of the gaseous products of biomass combustion and ash characteristics. In order to define the optimum combustion conditions, in terms of emissions of nitrogen oxides, in demolition wood experiments, it was determined that the optimum excess air ratio (λ) in air staging experiments, is in the range from 0.8 to 0.95 of primary air, and 1.6-1.9 for overall λ, which is in good agreement with the available literature data. Itwas also confirmed that the aforementioned λ value is adequate in terms of CO emissions, as well as air staging leads to higher emissions of CO, comparing to processes without the air staging...", publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu, Mašinski fakultet", title = "Uticaj odabranih vrsta biomase i procesa sagorevanja na sastav i karakteristike gasovitih i čvrstih produkata, Effect of biomass characteristics and combustion process on flue gaseous composition and ash related properties", url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_5834" }
Todorović, D.. (2015). Uticaj odabranih vrsta biomase i procesa sagorevanja na sastav i karakteristike gasovitih i čvrstih produkata. Univerzitet u Beogradu, Mašinski fakultet.. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_5834
Todorović D. Uticaj odabranih vrsta biomase i procesa sagorevanja na sastav i karakteristike gasovitih i čvrstih produkata. 2015;. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_5834 .
Todorović, Dušan, "Uticaj odabranih vrsta biomase i procesa sagorevanja na sastav i karakteristike gasovitih i čvrstih produkata" (2015), https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_5834 .