Ispunjenje zahteva za izvoz proizvoda metalske industrije prekogranicne oblasti Srbije i BIH na tržište EU

Abstract

Izvoz na tržište Evropske unije podrazumeva slobodan protok ljudi, proizvoda i usluga kao i širok spektar mogućnosti za preduzeća, ali takodje uključuje i niz poteškoća i zahteva koji se u tom cilju moraju ispuniti. Kako je izvoz u EU izazov za preduzeća metalske industrije u Srbiji i Bosni i Hercegovini, u ovo istraživanje je uključeno 20 malih i srednjih preduzeća iz prekogranične oblasti - Sarajevskog i Zlatiborskog okruga, tradicionalno orijentisanih ka izvozu, kako bi se poboljšale aktivnosti vezane za ispunjenje zahteva za izvoz proizvoda metalske industrije iz datih oblasti. Analizirane su statistički značajne razlike uticajnih parametara na ispunjenje zahteva za izvoz proizvoda metalske industrije u prekograničnoj oblasti Srbije i BIH na tržište EU, finansijsko stanje i ulaganje u obuku zaposlenih, primena Direktiva novog pristupa, posedovanje standarda sistema menadžmenta i dr. Rezultati analiza su pokazali da najveći problem u obe regije predstavljaju finansijska sredstva za ispunjenje formalnih zahteva, a izvozna barijera sa najvišom vrednošću u obe regije je nedostatak državne pomoći i podsticaja. Shodno sprovedenom emprijskom istraživanju u radu su date preporuke preduzećima metalske industrije obe regije. Istraživanje ispunjenja zahteva za izvoz proizvoda metalske industrije na tržište EU u prekograničnoj oblasti Srbije i BIH pruža mogućnost da se preduzeća iz datih regija povežu i podstaknu da, kroz primenu i razmenu savremenih znanja i veština, evropskih procedura i standarda, podizanje tehnološkog nivoa i zajedničke promotivne nastupe, postanu konkurentnija.

Exporting to European Union market includes free exchange of people, goods and services as well as wide range of opportunities for companies, but also includes many difficulties and requirements which need to be fulfilled. As exporting is a difficult challenge for metal industry companies in Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, this study included 20 small and medium sized companies from cross-border area - Zlatibor and Sarajevo districts, which have traditionally been export oriented, in order to improve activities regarding fulfilling the requirements for export of metal industry products from given regions. Analyses were conducted on statistically significant differences between influential parameters on fulfilling the requirements for export of metal industry products in cross border area of Serbia and BIH to EU market, financial standings and investment in the employee development, implementation of New Approach directives, implementation of management system standards and other. It was found that the largest issue in both Sarajevo and Zlatibor district are financial resources for fulfilling the requirements, while most influential obstacle is lack of government support and incentives. Recommendations are given to metal industry companies in both districts, based on the conducted empirical research. The research on fulfilling requirements for export of metal industry products to the EU market in the cross-border area of Serbia and BIH gives opportunity for companies in those areas to be connected and motivated to become more competitive, by using and exchanging modern knowledge and skills, European procedures and standards, raising the technological level and mutual promotional appearances.